「以意逆志」讀《詩經》——以〈國風〉為例

Use ''reasonable to guess the author's real intention'' to the principles of reading ''The Book of Songs''–cite <15-fung> as an example

拘泥於字句，或食古不化指的是讀書不夠靈通，孟子更提出一個新穎的讀書方法──「以意逆志」；它標誌著讀者本身保留相當理智而清醒的讀書態度，要讀者不可只看字面呈顯的字句或字意，還必須仔細推敲作者的原意到底是什麼；務必將誤解、曲解加以去除，抓住原作者思想的精髓；惟有如此，才是善於領略文章或詩歌內涵的人。 本篇試圖從《詩經．國風》當中找尋例證，把那些字面意義和作者原意頗有一段距離，必須由讀者推敲作者取捨義並且加以定奪之後才能得到真意的情況提出來，以證孟子所言誠有真知灼見。

Rigidly adhere to the words or“to read a lot of classics without digestion”refers to the study not well informed. Mencius raised a novel method to study ─“reasonable to guess the author's real intention ''; It reminds readers should be retained in a rational and sober attitude towards studying. He wants to convey to readers not only believe the surface meaning of words, must be carefully weighed the author's intent must be misunderstood, misinterpreted to be removed, and seize the ideological essence of original author. Only by doing so, is good at taste of articles or content of poetry. In this paper, I tried to ''The Book of Songs. 15-fung ''in scope, cited many examples to the discussion of this issue. In these examples, their literal meaning and intent of the author there is a considerable distance. Readers must ponder the author's intent, then, the author's intent was therefore emerged. After This study, this can prove that Mencius is very correct.