民俗祭典中居民與信仰間的集體關係設計——以樟湖村謝平安祭典為例

The Collective Relationship Design Between Residents and Beliefs in Folk Festivals: A Case Study of the Thanksgiving Ceremony in Zhanghu Village

位於雲林縣古坑鄉的樟湖村保存著傳承百年的謝平安祭典。因人口外移和老化，祭典有朝簡化演進之現象。本研究目的在於探索該村的謝平安特色。研究方法採用訪談及參與觀察，歷時二年而分析得出以下結論(1)該村每年的謝平安祭典工作從準備至完成共15個步驟。(2)儀式呈現的特色包括全村動員、鬼神同祭、三節合一。（3）祭典由「有形物質」、「無形儀式」、「儀式意義」、「祭典流程」4個元素架構而成。（4）受祭拜的無形對象與信徒之間形成祭祀系統的動力關係，使祭典具有帶動社區向心力、鞏固散居的居民情感、增強人際互助合作。

Located in GuKeng Township, Yunlin County, Zhanghu Village preserves a centuries-old tradition of the Thanksgiving Ceremony. However, due to population migration and an aging demographic, the ceremony has shown signs of simplification over time. This study aims to explore the distinctive features of the Thanksgiving Ceremony in the village. The research methodology involves interviews and participatory observations, spanning two years, leading to the following conclusions: (1) The annual Thanksgiving Ceremony in the village involves a total of 15 steps from preparation to completion. (2) Notable features of the ritual include whole-village mobilization, simultaneous worship of spirits and deities, and the convergence of three festivals. (3) The ceremony is structured around four elements: 'tangible materials,' 'intangible rituals,' 'ritual significance,' and 'ceremonial processes.' (4) The dynamic relationship between the intangible entities being worshipped and the devotees forms the power dynamic within the ritual system, fostering community cohesion, strengthening emotional bonds among scattered residents, and enhancing interpersonal cooperation.