技術型高中實習課程素養導向實施現況、問題與對策

The State, Problems and Solutions of the Competency-based Practicum Implementation in Vocational Senior High Schools

適用108課綱的第一批技術型高中學生已在2022年畢業，課綱實施情形宜適時檢討以利及時改善。本研究目的在從能力本位關鍵要素分析技術型高中實習課程素養導向實施現況、問題與對策。透過分析文獻找出能力本位教育13個關鍵要素設計調查問卷，普查全台262所技術型高中實習主任，結果回收157份（約六成）有效問卷，蒐集資料經統計分析後，對應研究目的的結論如下：（1）技術型高中實習課程素養導向實施現況在尚可程度，仍需全面落實能力本位教育（competency-based education，CBE）各關鍵要素；（2）技術型高中實習課程素養導向實施問題在於大多數關鍵要素尚待落實，尤其是各科實習課程未落實採用個別化學習與評估；和（3）技術型高中實習課程素養導向實施問題的對策可關注實習課程CBE績效表現、CBE方案設計和CBE教學策略三組因素的持續改善。

The first batch of vocational high school students applying the 2019 national curriculum guidelines graduated in 2022 in Taiwan. Thus, implementation of the curriculum guidelines should be reviewed in due course for timely improvement. This study aimed to: (1) understand the state and problems of the implementation of competency-based vocational high school practicum, and (2) propose possible solutions for decision makers and practitioners in response to the aforementioned problems. Through literature analysis, 13 key elements of competency-based education (CBE) were identified, and a questionnaire based on these key elements was designed to survey 262 practicum directors in vocational high schools in Taiwan. As a result, 157 (about 60%) valid questionnaires were obtained. After the statistical analysis of the collected, the findings are as follows: (1) The implementation of competency-based vocational high school practicum is acceptable for the respondents, still the key elements of CBE need to be fully implemented; (2) The major problem regarding implementation of competency-based vocational high school practicum is in that most of the key elements have not been implemented yet, especially the practicums of all programs have not adopted individualized learning and assessment and (3) The solutions for resolving above problems are to focus on the continuous improvement of the following three factors: CBE performance, CBE program design and CBE instructional strategies.