英文摘要 |
Manga, or Japanese comics, are one of the primary forms of entertainment in Japan that cater to readers of all ages and interests. This paper is a corpus linguistics study that explores the usage of English within mainstream manga which is designed and marketed towards four different audiences: shoujo (female 12-18 years old), shounen (male 12-18 years old), jousei (female 18-30 years old) and seinen (male 18-30 years old). The corpus is made up of 12 chapters of manga, three from each of the four audience groups above. The findings show that the way English is used in manga is affected by the sex and age of the intended audience. Manga marketed towards the different audience demographics shows gendered patterns with respect to the number of tokens used, the frequencies with which they appear, their location within the manga’s text and art, as well as the orthographies in which they are written. Further analysis of these patterns shows that the different uses of English adhere to commonly held cultural beliefs and serve to reinforce various gender stereotypes. |