新南向政策對本國銀行財務績效之影響──國際化程度與放款成長率之調節效果

The Effect of New Southbound Policy on Bank’s Financial Performance-The Moderating Effect of Degree of Internationalization and Growth Rate of Loan

隨著金融自由化，國內銀行面臨國內同業競爭激烈且利差低的困境，海外市場逐漸成為其拓展方向及獲利來源之一，加上政府推動新南向政策，將為我國銀行帶來海外的商機，使其未來的經營發展可期。本研究以2013至2019年本國銀行為樣本探討新南向政策對銀行財務績效的影響，以及銀行國際化與放款成長率之調節效果。實證結果顯示，雖然新南向政策在短期內不利銀行之財務績效，但銀行國際化程度具正向的調節效果，即國際化程度高的銀行，新南向政策推動將增加銀行之財務績效；放款成長率具負向的調節效果，即放款成長率愈高的銀行，新南向政策則會降低銀行財務績效。研究結果可運用於銀行面對未來政府外交或對外投資政策時能夠提早佈局規劃，配合政策施行而能夠取得利益。再者，銀行在海外新興市場佈局時務必做好授信風險控管，以免因風險造成利益的損失。

With financial liberalization, banks have faced intense inter-industry competition and low-interest rate margins. Therefore, foreign markets have gradually become their expansion destinations and one of their sources of profit. In addition, the Government has promoted the“new southbound policy”to expand our trade markets and may create international business opportunities for domestic banks. This study uses Taiwanese banks from 2013 to 2019 as an empirical sample and investigates the effect of the new southbound policy on banks’performance. Furthermore, this study examines the moderating effect of loan growth rate and the degree of internationalization (DOI) on the relationship between policy and performance. The results show that the bank’s performance may decrease after the new southbound policy realizing in the short term. However, banks with higher DOI can increase their performance than banks with lower DOI after the realization of new southbound policy. Moreover, banks with a lower growth rate of loans may have better performance than banks with a higher growth rate of loans. The domestic bank can refer to this result and develop their international investment strategy before relevant policies are enacted in order to earn profit. In addition, banks should control the credit risk to avoid or decrease possible loss when they deploy in the emerging market.