堆肥中兼氧性嗜熱細菌相之研究

Characterization of Facultative Thermophilic Microbial Community of Composts by ARDRA

細菌的活性是堆肥成熟度及品質的重要決定因素之一。為了瞭解本土堆肥在堆肥化過程中細菌的活性，我們分析了臺糖虎尾廠堆肥中兼氧性嗜熱細菌的族群。總共分離了412個菌落，依據擴增核糖體DNA限制片段分析（ARDAR）並輔以傳統的菌落觀察，格蘭氏染色，及生化測驗，可將他們分成24群。整體而言，ARDAR與傳統方法的結果相當一致，均顯示24群中之第17群有別於其它的菌群。根據擴增的核糖體DNA序列及親緣樹的分析，證明第17群為親緣上接近Pseudomonas stutzer的綠膿桿菌屬，其餘的23菌群屬於枯草桿菌，在親緣上接近Bacillcus licheniformis及Bacillus sonorensis。這些研究結果將有助於台灣區域性之堆肥研究。本研究同時證明ARDAR可直接用於鑑定堆肥中的菌種。

Bacterial activity is one of the factors to determine the maturity and quality of the composts. In order to have a better understanding of the composition of bacteria involving in the composting processes, the facultative thermophilic bacrerial community of local composts was analyzed. A total of 412 colonies were isolated and analyzed by amplified rDNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) and traditional colony observation, staining and biochemical tests. The isolates were divided into 24 groups mainly by ARDRA. Among these groups, the largest one contained 137 isolates. Mostly, the ARDRA analysis was in good conformity with the analysis of traditional methods: both results indicated that group 17 was a distinct one. The phylogenetic tree constructed based on the 16S rDNA sequence analysis demonstrated that the bacterial community of composts analyzed in this study was dominated by Bacillus spp., closely related to Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus sonorensis. Only 16 isolates in group 17 were Pseudomonas spp., closely related to Pseudomonas stutzer.