臺灣引入鳥種與寵物販賣關係之探討

Pet Trade as Sources of Introduced Bird Species in Taiwan

寵物貿易是臺灣引入鳥種的主因。從1994年起臺灣至少有290種外來寵物鳥種被引進入口，其中有93種逃逸野外成為引入鳥種，28種有在野外繁殖的紀錄。根據紀錄估計總逃逸率約為32.1%，此顯著的高於十分之一規則所建議的比例。有11科的鳥種有野外繁殖的紀錄，這11科鳥種中有四科的鳥種逃逸率顯著的高於總逃逸率，它們分別是椋鳥科、畫眉科、鳳頭鸚鵡科及鵯科；野外繁殖率顯著高於總繁殖率的只有梅花雀科。我們建議在未來的監測計畫中應針對這五科較具入侵潛力的鳥科做進一步入侵鳥種的風險評估。

Pet trade has dominated in contributing to exotic bird introductions into Taiwan. At least 290 exotic species of pet birds have been imported to Taiwan since 1994, of which 93 species have escaped from captivity and become introduced species, and 28 species have been found to breed in the wild. An estimated 32.1% of overall escaping rate was significantly higher than that suggested by Tens rule. Among 11 bird families which have at least one species breeding in the wild, the escaping rate was significantly higher for four families: Sturnidae, Timaliidae, Cacatuidae, and Pycnonotidae; and the breeding rate was significantly higher for only one family – Estrildidae. We suggest that these five families should be focused on, in future monitoring programs for risk assessment of invasive species.