花蓮市空中真菌孢子相（I）──平板培養基法

The Outdoor Fungal Airspora in Hualien (I) － The Agar Plate Method

自82年4月至83年3月間，以平板培養基收集空中真菌孢子，形成菌落數最多，且每個月均出現的真菌為：枝孢黴屬（Cladosporium）（33.18%），麴黴屬（Aspergillus）（11.06%），酵母菌（yeasts）（7.41%），青黴屬（Penicillium）（3.94%），鐮刀黴屬（Fusarium）（1.73%），彎孢黴屬（Curvularia）（1.50%）及鏈格孢黴屬（Alternaria）（1.02%）。這些主要種類共佔總菌落數的59.84%。於82年7月及83年1月分別有酵母菌及麴菌屬的孢子雨出現。以麥芽抽出物培養基（MEA）及沙氏培養基（SA）收集空中真菌孢子，分早、午、晚三個不同時段收集。得到之菌落數，以清晨八時為最多，中午及傍晚則無顯著差異。此現象與相對溼度有顯著相關，而與其他氣象因子無關。一年中以夏季菌落數最多，每月菌落數則以1993年7月為最多。

The outdoor fungal airspora in urban Hualien has been investigated based on one year's collection (from April 1993 to March 1994) by the agar plate method. Among the fungi isloated, the majority (59.84%) comprised species of Cladosporium (33.18%), Aspergillus (11.06%), yeasts (7.41%), Penicillium (3.94%), Fusarium (1.73%), Curvularia (1.50%) and Alternaria (1.02%). All these fungi occurred every month. Spore showers occurred for yeast on July 1993 and for Aspergillus on January 1994. The mean number of colonies forming on the agar plates in the morning exposure was higher than during noon or afternoon exposure. This phenomenon is significantly correlated with the diurnal relative humidity. Summer is the season with the highest number of colonies formed. The month with the highest number of colonies formed was July 1993.