大豆萌芽初期子葉表皮保衛細胞母細胞的結構變化

Structural changes of the guard cell mother cell of soybean cotyledon during the early germination period

成熟的大豆種子在未萌發之前，子葉表皮上並無氣孔的構造，僅有保衛細胞母細胞分布在上皮細胞之間。當播種經過24小時之後，保衛細胞母細胞分裂成兩個保衛細胞，兩保衛細胞間之細胞壁尚未分開，無氣孔出道。本研究利用光學和電子顯微鏡，觀察大豆種子在萌發的早期，在第24、48和72小時階段，子葉表皮保衛細胞母細胞分化形成保衛細胞及氣孔的外部形態和微細構造的變化，同時利用組織化學定性的方法研究保衛細胞母細胞分裂成兩個保衛細胞的過程和一般表皮細胞中所含之糖類，蛋白質和脂質的分布變化。

The upper epidermal layers of soybean seeds and germinating were studied at different time intervals with light microscope and transmission and scanning electron microscopes. There was no stoma on the upper epidermis of mature soybean seeds before seed germination. Instead, guard-cell mother cells were present among other epidermal cells. Each guard-cell mother cell forms two connected guard cells within 24 h and the stomatal pores appear at about 72 h after planting. The ultrastructural changes of the guard-cell mother cells were studied during the early germination period at 24 h interval for 3 days. The stored food particles including starch grain, lipid droplets and protein bodies in the cytoplasm of the guard-cell mother cells and guardcells were studied histochemically.