方以智佚文〈鷂石周氏續修譜序〉解讀

The Interpretation of Fang Yi-Zhi's Lost Passage–The Preface to the Zhous' Revised Genealogy in Yao Shih

2014八月拜訪安徽樅陽，由當地學者陳靖先生引導，探訪浮山、合明山、左光斗故宅等處，返回臺灣後，意外得到陳靖先生寄贈的方以智〈鷂石周氏續修譜序〉。「鷂石」指鷂石山，同時也是樅陽縣周潭鎮的一處地名；「周氏」指周岐家族，為周潭一地人數眾多的大姓。周氏於順治年間續修宗譜，在周岐請託下，方以智為宗譜題序，此序並未收入《浮山文集》，是罕為人知的一篇佚文，其文作於順治十三年（1656），當時方以智正為其父方孔炤守喪於合明山。本文分析〈鷂石周氏續修譜序〉的寫作要旨，點明方以智此文除了是一般宗譜的序文之外，更暗中鼓勵周岐效法先烈周日耀的勇毅精神，挺身參與復明的志業；可惜的是，周岐擔任清吏的幕僚，卻未因方以智的勸勉而改變，造成了方以智與周岐人生選擇的歧異，年少摯友終於分道揚鑣。

Guided by Chen Jing, a local scholar, I paid a visit to Mt. Fu, Mt. He Ming, and the former dwelling of Zuo Guang Dou during my stay in Zong Yang, An Hui in August, 2014. After returning to Taiwan, I unexpectedly received Fang Yi Zhi's Lost Passage—The Preface to the Zhous' Revised Genealogy in Yao Shih sent by Mr. Chen. “Yao Shih” refers to Mt. Yao Shih and is also a place name in Zhou Tan Township, Zong Yang, while “the Zhous” stands for the Zhou Qi's family, one big surname with a large population around Zhou Tan. The Zhous family revised their genealogy during the reign of Shu Zhe and under the request of Zhou Qi, Fang composed the preface for the genealogy, which was not included into The Collection of Mt. Fu and thus a rarely known lost passage. It was written in the 13th year of Shu Zhe reign (1656), when Fang was mourning for his father's death in Mt. He Ming. The essay analyzes the main purpose of the preface, specifying that besides being a preface for common genealogies, it also encouraged Zhou secretly to emulate the bold and persevering spirit of the former martyr Zhou Ri-Yao to participate in the career of reviving the Ming Dynasty. It is a pity that Zhou, serving as a staff member of a Ching official, didn't take Fang's advice and changed his mind, which later resulted in the Fang's and Chou's different choices in life, finally leading these two childhood close friends to different paths.