自立少年的自我效能與影響因素之探討以CCSA為例

Exploration of Self-Efficacy and Influencing Factors of Independent Adolescents: A Case Study of CCSA

當安置少年離開機構後，就必須面對自立生活的各項挑戰，成為獨當一面的成年人。本研究目的為瞭解自立少年認為其自我效能的影響因素及自立服務對自立少年自我效能的改變。以立意取樣選取兩位自立少年與兩位主責社工進行個別深度訪談。研究發現，自立少年知覺其自我效能感產生的因素分別為「精熟的經驗」、「替代的經驗」、「口頭說服」、「生理及心理狀態」及「實質性支持」與「發展多元興趣及專長」等六項因素。而CCSA的自立服務對兩位自立少年的「理財能力」、「人際關係」、「自我效能」等皆產生正向影響。根據研究發現，本研究提出幾點建議，期能讓實務工作者了解自立服務的重要性，共同幫助自立少年建構自我效能。

After leaving the institution, the placed youth must face various challenges of independent living, to become independent adults. The purpose of this study is to understand the factors affecting the perceived self-efficacy of independent youth and the changes in self-efficacy of independent youth due to independent living services. Two independent youths and two responsible social workers were selected for individual in-depth interviews through purposive sampling. The study found that the factors perceived by independent youth as contributing to their sense of self-efficacy include ''enactive mastery experience,'' ''vicarious experience,'' ''verbal persuasion,'' ''physiological and affective state,'' ''substantial support,'' and ''development of diverse interests and talents''. The independent living services provided by CCSA have a positive impact on the ''financial management skills,'' ''interpersonal relationships,'' and ''self-efficacy'' of the two independent youths. Based on the research findings, several suggestions are proposed to help practitioners understand the importance of independent living services and to collectively assist independent youth in constructing their self-efficacy.