客家Z世代之族群認同與傳統美食消費行為之研究

A Study on the Hakka Generation Z's Ethnic Identity and Traditional Food Consumption Behavior

被稱為數位原生世代的「Z世代」，其成長於充滿著各種科技產品且資訊流通迅速的時代下，再加上全球文化互相流通與影響，逐漸產生了多元族群認同的傾向，接著聚焦於客家族群，先前的研究已表示年輕一代的客家人對於客家族群認同較其他年齡層低落，已成為當代客家文化傳承下的重要問題。然而，在此之中客家美食做為客家文化的象徵之一，其不僅是臺灣大眾最印象深刻的事物，同時也是客家年輕人較有感覺的物質文化，因此本研究旨在探討客家Z世代與其他世代對於客家族群認同和傳統美食消費行為之間的關係，並透過問卷調查法蒐集36份有效樣本，以描述性統計、變異數分析及卡方檢定來進行資料分析。研究結果顯示，樣本接收有關客家文化的資訊管道以家人為主要來源，接著學校教育和電視節目屬次要來源。接著在差異性分析上，中年者對於客家族群認同顯著大於年輕者，教育程度為大學者之客家族群認同顯著小於研究所及高中職者，高程度客家族群認同者比起低程度者而言更會消費客家傳統美食。最後，根據上述研究結果本研究茲提出相關建議。

The ''Generation Z,'' known as the digital native generation, has grown up in an era full of various technological products and rapid information flow, which, coupled with the mutual circulation and influence of global cultures, has gradually created a tendency for multiple ethnic identities. This has become an important issue in contemporary Hakka cultural transmission. However, among these, Hakka food, as one of the symbols of Hakka culture, is not only the most impressive thing for the Taiwanese public but also the material culture that young Hakka people feel more strongly about. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA analysis, and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that the main source of information about Hakka culture received by the samples was their families, followed by school education and television programs as secondary sources. In the analysis of the differences, middle-aged people identified more with the Hakka community than young people. University-educated individuals identified less with the Hakka community compared to graduate and high school students. Moreover, people with higher levels of Hakka identification consumed more traditional Hakka food than those with lower levels. Finally, based on the above findings, this study proposes relevant recommendations.