乾癬病患性別、社會支持與失能之相關研究

Correlational Study on Gender, Social Support, and Disability in Patients with Psoriasis

目的
乾癬已知會受到一般公眾的汙名化與歧視，是一種皮膚的精神性疾病，男女受到同等影響。本研究目的探討乾癬病患性別、社會支持與失能之相關研究。
方法
採網路自填式問卷法，電郵571位20歲以上、登錄臺灣乾癬協會會員為研究對象，經過四個月後，得出有效回收239份問卷（回收率41.86％)。問卷包括「基本資料」、「柏林社會支持量表」及「乾癬失能指數」。採SPSS22.0進行統計分析。
結果
乾癬病患平均年齡39.14±10.60歲，以女性最多。乾癬病患獲得高度社會支持及低度乾癬失能程度。乾癬病患的性別、學歷、收入在社會支持有顯著差異。乾癬病患的性別、收入、曾接受生物製劑治療在乾癬失能有顯著差異。年齡與工具性支持呈顯著低度負相關。社會支持愈高、則乾癬失能愈低。年齡、收入、曾接受生物製劑治療、工具性支持對乾癬失能具有顯著預測力。
結論
女性乾癬病患獲得較多社會支持，而性別在乾癬失能程度相對較低，且對乾癬失能不具預測力。

Purposes
Psoriasis, a psychodermatological disease, is often stigmatized and discriminated against in society, affecting both men and women equally. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between gender, social support, and disability in patients with psoriasis.
Methods
A Web-based self-administered questionnaire was employed. Emails were sent to 571 members aged over 20 years and registered with Psoriasis Association Taiwan. A total of 239 valid samples were collected (recovery rate of 41.86%). The questionnaire included sections on demographic data, the Berlin Social Support Scale (BSSS), and the Psoriasis Disability Index (PDI). SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analyses.
Results
The average age of patients with psoriasis was 39.14±10.60 years, with a majority being female. Patients with psoriasis reported receiving high levels of social support and experiencing low levels of disability due to the condition. There were significant differences in social support based on gender, education, and income among patients with psoriasis. Similarly, there were significant differences in disability due to psoriasis based on gender, income, and biologics treatment. A weak yet significant negative correlation was noted between age and instrumental support. The higher the social support, the lower was the disability due to psoriasis. Age, income, biologics treatment, and instrumental support were significant predictors of disability in psoriasis patients.
Conclusions
Female patients with psoriasis tend to receive more social support, although gender has a relatively low impact on disability due to psoriasis and does not serve as a predictor of disability in these patients.