社經地位、智力、性別及城鄉背景與兒童語言能力關係之研究

語言是人類一中不可或缺的活動，具有社會交互作用和傳遞文化的社會功能。就前者而言，社會交互作用是人類社會產生文化的根本原因；就後者言，人鈫化藉著語言的傳遞而繁衍不息。

The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in language ability between the childen in urban and rural areas， and to explore the effects of major variables related to the language development of these childern. For this purpose， review of literatures concerning language study is done in order to build a theoretical model for this study. Based upon this model， 373 elementary school students are selected from both Kaohsiung City and Taitung Hsien rural area. There are two tests and one questionnaire used in this study: (1)Basic Ability Test of Chinese Language， (2) The Multi-Level Education of Lorge-Thorndike Nonverbal Intelligence Tests， and (3) The Questionnaire designed by the researcher. The major findings of this study are stated as follows: 1. There are significant differences of the language learning environment between the urban and rural children， homes of urban children provide more language stimulation than those of rural children， and the verbal communication between parents and children in urban area are also more favorable than in rural area. 2. The language ability of the children is related to the social-economic status. It means that the children from higher SES families are better in language ability. there are significant differences among three SES groups. 3. The language ability of the children is related to intelligence──bright children receive higher scores in language ability test. 4. The language ability of the children is not related to the sex variable. 5. the language ability of the children is related to the residence background－there is significant difference between urban and rural groups. 6. SES variable is accountable for 11.50% of language ability of children， and intelligence， 33.40% of it.