民法典時代的政府治理現代化

Modernizing Government Governance in the Age of the Civil Code

政府治理現代化是中國行政法治的時代命題，《民法典》的頒佈實施為政府治理現代化提供了重要標尺。政府治理與《民法典》實施的關係本質上是行政與民法的關係的表征，而政府治理現代化必然要順應二者深度融合的內在規律和發展趨勢。《民法典》內部存在大量行政法規範，它們設定了行政任務、規定了行政職責、劃定了行政邊界，發揮著重要的行政調控功能。行政機關應當以《民法典》的有效實施作為推進法治政府建設的重要抓手，並抓住政府治理現代化的時代契機。具體來說，政府治理體系和治理能力的現代化需要充分運用《民法典》規定的平等原則、誠信原則、公序良俗原則和綠色原則等；需要注重援引《民法典》規定的法人制度、產權制度、合同制度等；需要強化保障民法典規定的消極的自由類權利和積極的社會類權利等。

Modernization of government governance is a proposition of the times and a practical issue of the rule of law in Chinese administration, and the promulgation of the Civil Code has provided a new era of modernization of government governance and an important yardstick for the modernization of contemporary government governance. The relationship between government governance and the Civil Code is essentially a symptom of the relationship between administrative and civil law, and the modernization of government governance must conform to the internal law and historical trend of the deep integration of the two. Within the Civil Code, there are a large number of administrative law norms, which set administrative tasks, stipulate administrative duties, delimit administrative boundaries, and play an important administrative regulatory function. Administrative organs should take the effective implementation of the Civil Code as an important hand in promoting the construction of a government based on the rule of law and an opportunity of the times for the modernization of government governance. Specifically, the modernization of government governance system and governance capacity needs to make full use of the principles of equality, good faith, public order and morality, and the green principle, etc. stipulated in the Civil Code; it needs to be adept at invoking the legal person system, the property right system, and the contract system, etc. stipulated in the Civil Code; and it needs to strengthen the guarantee of the negative liberty-type rights and the positive social-type rights, etc. stipulated in the Civil Code.