學生對諮輔方式暨諮商員與同儕性別偏好之探討

A Study on the Student's Preferences for Counseling Mode, Leader's Gender and Group Member's Gender

本研究旨在探討國小至專科各層級學校學生對諮輔方式、諮商員性別、以及小團體同儕性別之偏好情形。以台灣南區各級學校學生1888人為研究對象。採取問卷及訪問方法進行調查研究。結果發現：1.學生最喜愛的諮輔方式依序是個別諮商、小團體諮商、電話與函件諮商、大團體輔導。2.國小、國中、高中高職、專科、補習班等五個層級的學生，在十二種問題上對四類諮輔方式的選擇皆具有顯著的差異。3.不同性別學生在家庭生活，人際關係，異性交往，逃課、逃學與逃家，緊張、焦慮、自卑、自殺等心理健康之六類問題上，對諮輔方式的選擇具有顯著差異；在學業困擾，選擇、選組與升學，賭博、偷竊，吸煙、吸毒，生涯規劃，校園惡勢力等六類問題上，對諮輔方式的選擇未具顯著差異。4.不同層級學生對電話與函件諮商，以及小團體諮商中諮商員性別的選擇具有顯著差異。在生活，感情、性、生理方面的電話函件諮商，以及感情、性與生理方面的小團體諮商，學生以選擇同性別諮商員之數最多。在學業、升學與就業方面的電話、函件諮商以及學業、生活、升學與就業方面的小團體諮商，學生以選擇男女諮商員皆可的人數最多。5.不同層級學生小團體諮商中同儕性別的選擇具有顯著差異。在學業、生活、升學與就業方面的小團體諮商，學生以選擇男女同儕皆有的人數最多，在感情、性與生理方面的小團體諮商中，學生以選擇同性別同儕之人數最多。

The main purpose of this study was to explore the preferences differences of counseling mode， leader’s gender and group member’s gender among students of different school levels. The subjects of this study were 1888 students from south areas of Taiwan. The principal methods used in this study include questionnaire survey and visiting survey. The findings of this study were draws as follows: 1.The order of student’s preferences for counseling mode were (1) individual counseling， (2) small group counseling， (3) counseling through telephone or letter， (4) large group counseling. 2.There were significant differences in the preferences for counseling mode among the students of primary school， junior high school， senior high school & vocational senior high school， 5-year junior college， cramming school. 3.The students who differed in gender had significant differences in the preferences for counseling mode on the problems of family living， human relations， friendship with other sex， cutting class， running away from school or home， and the mental health problems of tension， anxiety， inferiority complex， suicide， but no different preferences for counseling on the problems of difficulties in learning， taking courses， going to a higher school， gambling， stealing， smoking， addicting to drugs， career plan， evil power on campus. 4.Most students show their significant preference for the same-sex counselors in counseling through telephone or letter on the problems of living， living， feeling， sexuality and physiology as well as in small group counseling on the problems of feeling， sexuality and physiology. As far as in counseling through telephone or letter on the problems of learning， going to a higher school， getting employment after graduation and in small group counseling on the problems of learning， living， going to a higher school， getting employment after graduation were concerned， most students picked out either sex as their preference. 5.The students of different school levels had significant preference differences on the questions of selecting the group member’s gender in small group counseling. Most of these students chose mixed-sex group members in small group counseling on the problems of learning， living， going to a higher school and getting employment after graduation， but most of them chose the same-sex group members in small group counseling on the problems of feeling， sexuality and physiology.