科大學生眼中ChatGPT的新聞寫作能力

ChatGPT's news writing skills as seen by students in University of Technology

本研究以選修「媒體寫作」的科大學生為對象，提供兩則新聞供其比較新聞寫作品質，其中包括真人記者寫作的交通意外新聞一則，另外一則是由研究者從前一則新聞中選取重要資訊，再交由ChatGPT寫作完成。新聞呈現順序透過副本問卷加以平衡，學生在閱讀新聞之後，須針對「公正客觀」、「真實可靠」、「對大眾有幫助」以及「可讀性」等指標填寫Google表單，問卷透過tronclass數位教學平台於預定時間發出，得以控制問卷填寫時間。
由回收的59份問卷統計發現，若僅以真人記者所寫的新聞與AI寫的新聞相比，真人記者寫的新聞在這四個指標上確實略勝一籌，但並未取得壓倒性的優勢。根據學生的回答，若將認為兩條新聞表現一樣或認為AI寫作新聞品質較佳的填答者加起來，其中僅有「真實可靠」程度這個指標真人記者所寫的新聞取得比較多的認同，其餘三項指標AI所寫出的新聞都達到可以取代真人記者寫作的程度。
這樣的結果或許與參與學生的特質有關，填答問卷的59位學生沒有人以報紙為主要接觸新聞的來源，甚至有部份學生從來不看新聞，他們接觸新聞主要的管道是透過網路。這樣的群體特性，應該可以代表臺灣多數年輕族群的閱讀習慣，也可能表示他們對於新聞寫作的要求僅在於基本資訊的獲得。本研究另外有兩題簡答題，其分析結果可以作為媒體寫作教學的參考，對於新聞產業未來的發展也有啟發性。

In this study, 59 students from the Hsing Wu University who took ''Media Writing'' as an elective were provided with two news stories to compare the quality of news writing. After reading the news, students were asked to fill out a Google form for the indicators ''fair and objective'', ''true and reliable'', ''useful to the public'', and ''readability''. The sequence of news presentation was balanced by a copy of the questionnaire.
From the 59 questionnaires collected, it was found that when comparing news written by real journalists with news written by AI, real journalists did have a slight edge in these four indicators, but not an overwhelming one. Based on the students' responses, if we add up the respondents who thought that the two stories performed equally well or that the AI wrote better news, only the indicator of ''truthfulness and reliability'' was recognized more by the real journalists, while the other three indicators were such that the news written by the AI could replace the real journalists' writing.
This result may be related to the characteristics of the participating students. None of the 59 students in this study use newspapers as their main source of news, and some of them do not even read the news. This group characteristic should represent the reading habits of most young people in Taiwan, and may indicate that their requirement for news writing is only the acquisition of basic information. The results of the analysis can be used as a reference for teaching media writing and can also be an inspiration for the future development of the media industry.