醫護人員對安寧療護認知、阻礙、靈性關懷能力與需求之相關性

Relationships Among Perceptions, Barriers, Spiritual Care Competency, and Demands of Hospice care in Health Care Providers

目的：本研究目的為探討醫護人員對安寧療護的認知、阻礙、靈性關懷能力與需求之相關性。
方法：採橫斷式研究，方便取樣方式選取研究對象，並以結構式問卷為研究工具進行相關資料收集，共發出240份問卷，回收有效問卷222份，回收率92.5%。
結果：本研究結果醫護人員安寧療護認知、阻礙及需求間呈顯著正相關，代表醫護人員認知程度越高，其所意識到的阻礙程度越高，越能了解自己需求為何；醫護人員安寧療護認知、阻礙、需求與靈性關懷能力會因基本屬性與背景經驗不同而有顯著差異，另外發現醫護人員安寧療護認知、靈性關懷知能、阻礙與靈性關懷自我察覺得分越高者，在教育訓練與支持及臨床照護與轉介構面之需求得分越高，且達統計上顯著意義。
結論：本研究結果可了解醫護人員對安寧療護認知、阻礙、需求與靈性關懷能力之現況，醫護人員除了對安寧療護應具備基本的認知與能力，近年來更強調提升靈性關懷能力，建議強化共同照護模式、設置靈性關懷師、鼓勵參與安寧緩和或靈性關懷課程，以提升醫護人員照顧末期病人的能力，落實末期病人五全照顧。

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship among perceptions, barriers, spiritual care competency, and demands on health care providers.
Method: The study employed a cross-sectional design and utilized a convenience sampling method to select participants, with data collection conducted using a structured questionnaire. A total of 240 questionnaires were distributed, and 222 valid questionnaire responses were collected, yielding a return rate of 92.5%.
Result: The findings of the research indicate that perceptions of hospice care, perceived barriers, spiritual care competence, and demands of health care providers were found to be positively correlated to a significant degree. The findings showed that participants who had high scores in perceptions of hospice care, knowledge of spiritual care, perceived barriers, and self-awareness of spiritual care also had high scores in the ''education and support'' dimension of demands. The participants who scored high in on-the-job education had low scores in the“education and support”dimension of demands, with this difference being statistically significance. The participants attaining high scores in hospice care awareness, barrier, and spiritual care self-awareness scored high in the demands of the“clinical care and referral”dimension, reaching statistical significance.
Conclusion: The results may offer insights into healthcare providers’perceptions, barriers, spiritual care competency, and demands of hospice care. Healthcare providers have been increasingly expected to be competent in delivering spiritual care. We suggest that hospitals recruit spiritual care workers, and encourage healthcare providers to participate in hospice care or spiritual care training. The aim is to provide an interdisciplinary team that delivers holistic care to patient with terminal illnesses.