「臺大教學傑出教師的故事」之教學理念分析

The Analysis of Teaching Ideas in the Stories of Outstanding Teachers at National Taiwan University

本研究旨在探討臺大教學傑出教師之教學理念，並比較教學理念各層面頻次之差異。本研究採內容分析法進行「臺大教學傑出教師的故事」1至14輯文本之分析，共辨識27,210筆教學理念陳述，編碼為224項次次類目，進而歸納為30項次類目，並統整為六類目，再以次數分配和卡方檢定進行分析。發現臺大教學傑出教師教學理念涵蓋教學目標、課程與教材、教法、評量、師生互動及教師角色六層面，其中以教師角色、教學目標出現的頻次較多。而教學理念各層面次類目皆存在顯著差異，臺大教學傑出教師重視學生學習與素養陶冶、學科中心課程、啟發講述適性教學並重、多樣化評量、理解與回應學生、多元化的教師角色特質與實踐。此一發現與國內外教學傑出教師相關研究發現相近，顯示臺大教學傑出教師掌握並回應了教育趨勢潮流觀點。而在「師生互動」層面出現的「規範要求」、在「教師角色」層面出現的「身教」則反映出華人社會文化特徵。整體而盲，臺大教學傑出教師的教學理念樣貌，係兼具回應教育趨勢潮流觀點與反映出華人社會文化特徵。

The purposes of this study are to explore the teaching ideas of outstanding teachers at National Taiwan University (NTU) and to distinguish the differences in appearance frequency for each dimension of teaching ideas. A series of text publications, The Stories of Outstanding Teachers in National Taiwan University (Vol. 1-14), were analyzed, and a total of 27,210 teaching idea statements were identified. These teaching idea statements were categorized into 224 sub-subcategories and subsequently summarized into 30 subcategories. Integrating the subcategories, this study obtained 6 categories, i.e. teaching objectives, curricula and teaching material, teaching methods, assessment, teacher-student interaction, and teacher role. The frequency distribution and Chi-squared test on the 27,210 statements obtained in this study were further analyzed using SPSS for Windows 21.0 as software. The findings of this study indicate that NTU's outstanding teachers’teaching ideas contained 6 dimensions, i.e. teaching objectives, curricula and teaching material, teaching methods, assessments, teacher-student interaction, and teacher role. Significant differences were found in each dimension of teaching ideas that emphasized students’learning and literacy cultivation, discipline-centered curricula, balanced heuristic didactic and adaptive teaching, diversified assessments, understanding and replying to students, and multiple teacher roles reflecting the trends of education and the characteristics of Chinese culture.