添加國產孟宗竹纖維於聚乳酸基質製備3D列印複合材線材之可行性

Feasibility of adding domestic moso bamboo fibers into PLA matrix to fabricate 3D printing composite filament

本研究係利用竹纖維作為纖維原料，添加於聚乳酸(Polylactic Acid, PLA)基質中製備3D列印線材及應用於熔融沉積成型(Fused Deposition Modeling, FDM/Fused Filament Fabrication, FFF)技術，並探討不同竹纖維添加量對於竹纖維－塑膠複合材(Bamboo Fiber－Plastic Composite, BFPC)線材與3D列印組件物理與機械性質之影響。試驗結果顯示，BFPC線材之外觀隨竹纖維之添加量增加逐漸粗糙，且線材橫斷面中孔隙大小與數量亦隨之增加；而線材抗拉彈性模數隨竹纖維之添加量增加而上升，但其延展性則隨之下降。對3D列印BFPC組件之顏色變化方面，未添加竹纖維之BFPC組件之表面顏色呈現無色半透明，當添加竹纖維後組件表面顏色則呈不透明之深棕色。對於組件之物理性質方面，含水率隨竹纖維之添加量增加而有顯著地上升，同樣地浸水試驗後組件吸水率隨纖維增加而增加，但其厚度變化則無顯著的影響。對於組件之機械性質方面，BFPC組件抗拉強度與抗拉斷裂伸長率隨竹纖維添加量增加而下降，然而不同竹纖維添加量之組件間抗拉彈性模數則無顯著之差異。另外，隨竹纖維添加量增加則BFPC組件之抗彎強度逐漸降低，但其抗彎彈性模數隨之增加。

In this study, bamboo fibers as raw material were added into a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix to prepare 3D printing filament and subsequently printed bamboo fiber-plastic composite (BFPC) parts using fused deposition modeling (FDM)/Fused filament fabrication (FFF). The experimental results showed that with an increase in bamboo fiber content, the surface morphology of the BFPC filament becomes rougher and the cross-sectional porosity increases. Additionally, the tensile modulus of the BFPC filament increases, while its ductility decreases. For 3D printed BFPC parts, the appearance of BFPC without bamboo fiber was colorless and translucent, whereas the appearance of BFPC with bamboo fiber have an opaque brown appearance. As the the bamboo fiber content increased, water absorption and moisture content of BFPC parts increased with the addition of bamboo fiber; however, the addition of bamboo fiber did not significantly affect the thickness swelling. For tensile properties of the BFPC part, both tensile strength and elongation at break under tensile force decreased with the increasing of bamboo fiber content. However, there was no significant difference in the tensile modulus among parts with different bamboo fiber content. Additionally, as fiber content increased, the modulus of rupture of BFPC parts gradually decreased while the modulus of elasticity increased.