𠊎个詩歌？探討新竹都市客家教會由客家詩歌呈現的族群認同與再現

Ethnic Identity and Representation through Hakka Hymns in Hsinchu Urban Hakka Church

位於新竹市區的新竹中正長老教會，信徒中不乏客家族群，卻長期使用閩南語和華語進行禮拜，在眾多儀式程序之中，少數能呈現客家形象的竟是客家詩歌。過去對於基督教詩歌的研究多著重於其編輯發展歷程，以及民謠素材來源的探尋，涉及關連族群認同之研究也止於歌詞分析。故本文以都市客家、「混雜文化」（hybrid culture）的視角來詮釋，分析三首客家詩歌：〈天父上帝賜豐年〉、〈敬拜上帝有智慧〉和〈頌讚榮耀歸真神〉，並訪談新竹中正長老教會的客家信徒。透過客家宣教中會的發展，一來回應都市客家教會處境，二來梳理客語詩歌集的編修與出版。客家詩歌的元素影響了創作端與聽眾端產生的認同斷裂，卻也與時空的再現並存，連結客家圖像。同時面對個人，也作為多元族群的樣態向外宣告。

This study explored the use of Hakka hymns in the Hsinchu Chung- Cheng Presbyterian Church, which historically used Hoklo and Chinese as languages of worship despite having a substantial Hakka population. Hakka hymns are one of few ritual procedures that embody Hakka culture. This study analyzed three Hakka hymns and the mixing of Hakka culture with ur¬ban culture and interviewed Hakka churchgoers. The Hakka hymns entail a distinction in identity between the author and listener but also convey a time and place evocative of Hakka imagery. The hymns are also individualized and conveys the community’s diversity.