高一學生多變因因果推理與論證能力之相關研究

The Study of the Relationship Between Multivariable Causal Reasoning Ability and Argumentation Ability of the 10th Graders

本研究旨在瞭解高一學生對多變因之因果推理與論證能力的表現，以及兩者之關係。研究方法採用問卷調查方式，研究對象為公立學校高中一年級學生共165 人，學生的基測入學錄取PR 值介於87-99 之間。研究使用「因果推理與論證能力問卷」作為研究工具，此工具經科教專家審查，內容包含藥物成效、動物趨性、噴撒殺蟲劑和地震預測等科學情境，讓學生以寫作方式呈現自己的因果推理與論證的思考，問卷經由三位評分者分別進行評分，整體問卷的Hoyt信度值為.992。研究結果顯示，學生在多變因之因果推理方面，「因素尋找」能力比「理由陳述」能力的表現好。在論證方面，學生在「證據與理由」、「反駁」能力比「提出宣稱」能力的表現差。因果推理能力與論證能力兩者間具有高度相關（r =.782， p<.05），且因果推理能力表現較佳的學生在論證能力上的表現也較好（p＜.05）。

This study aimed to understand the relationship between multivariable causal reasoning ability and argumentation ability of the 10th grade students. The research method of this study was questionnaire survey. “The ability of causal reasoning and argumentation questionnaire” was used to detect students' multivariable causal reasoning ability and argumentation ability. There were 165 subjects who participated in this survey. Data analysis showed that: (1)In the aspect of multivariable causal reasoning， students' performance in factor-search was better than reason-state. (2)In the aspect of argumentation， students' performance in rebuttal was weaker than other factors. (3)Multivariable causal reasoning performance and argumentation performance demonstrate a high correlation (r=.782， p<.05).