二十一世紀的學校組織發展─再生工程理念對學校組織發展的啟示

School Organizational Development for the Twenty─first Century ─ The Implications of Reengineering Idea on School Organizational Development

人類社會已逐歩由二十世紀邁入二十一世紀，生活世界領域亦因新世紀的來臨，無論係社會、經濟、政治、抑或教育、文化、科技等層面，均產生巨大的變革，使得人類社會生活世界於思想觀念、組織制度及器物技術，面臨了跨世紀的挑戰。誠如比爾．蓋茲（Bill Gates）所言：倘若一九八０年代探討的主題是品質；則一九九０年為再生工程；而公元二０００年的關鍵在於速度革命。易言之，為迎接新世紀的挑戰，吾人非僅要注重全面品質管理之觀念，亦且要持續進行組織制度的再生工程，尤其應掌握資訊科技的脈動，配合速度革命時代之需求。學校組織乃整個教育系統之一環，而教育系統又係整體社會系統的一個次級系統，為進一歩深入探討再生工程理念對學校組織發展的啟示，以說明二十一世紀的學校組織發展，本文擬分六部份加以論述；首先，扼要析述當前社會變遷的重要發展軌跡；其次，具體說明再生工程的具體概念架構；復次，闡述再生工程理念在學校組織發展上之意義；再次，勾勒南二十一世紀學校組織發展的重要趨勢；再其次，提出二十一世紀學校組織發展的行動策略；最後，指出再生工程理念對學校發展的啟示。

The human society has just entered the twenty─first century. With the coming of new century， the life world sphere has produced great changes not only in politic and economic area， but also in educational， cultural and technical system.Just like Bill Gates said：if the 1980’s were about quality and the 1990’s were about reengineering， then the 2000’s will be about velocity.In other words， for facing new century’s challenges， we should not only emphasize concepts of TQM， but also reengineer the organizational system and grasp the trends of velocity revolution.School organization is a circle of whole educational system， and educational system is a subsystem of whole social system. In order to deeply investigate the implications of reengineering ideas on school organizational development， this paper is divided into six parts to discuss：First， to analyze the important development trends of contemporary social change. Second， to explain the concepts framework of reengineering the organization. Third， to describe the meaning of reengineering idea on school organizational development. Fourth， to explore the megatrends of school organizational development for the twenty─first century. Fifth， to provide the action strategies of school organizational development for the twenty first century. Finally， to indicate the implications of reengineering idea on school organizational development.