《隋書•經籍志•敘論》東漢至西晉節補正

Supplement and Correction to the Eastern Han to Western Jin Section in the Preface to “Jingji zhi” of Sui shu

以兩漢、六朝各時期中祕典藏量而言，西晉蓋居冠。如牛弘所言：此乃曹魏中祕既有書籍，「晉氏承之，文籍尤廣」所致。然而若按照《隋志•敘錄》上文所述，東漢末兩京大亂，群雄逐鹿，書籍掃地皆盡，則魏、晉中祕書焉能驟興如是？緣是本文分為五個小節：首先指出兩漢已降典藏副本之制，是以東漢中祕藏書並未隨兵燹俱燬。其次指出當時雖然戰亂頻仍，私家依舊保有許多藏書。進而鼎革之前，曹氏已經陸續蒐求書籍。然後探討鄭默與魏中經的關係。最後嘗試解釋西晉中經書籍歸類兩項看似不得其解的原委。期盼藉此一斑，顯示：社會才是書籍歷劫猶存的關鍵。

The royal library of the Western Jin dynasty was unrivalled in the volume of collection compared to those of the Han and Six dynasties. As Niu Hong 牛弘 noticed, it is because the books collected by the royal library of the Cao Wei dynasty were inherited by the Jin. However, since all the books, according to Xulu 敘錄of Sui zhi 隋志, were destroyed as the result of the riots breaking out in the two capitals in the end of the Eastern Han dynasty, how could the Wei and Jin royal libraries possibly thrive in such a short time? The current paper answers this question in five sections. First, the paper indicates that a book copying system had been established since the Han dynasty, and thanks to which the collection of the royal library was saved from conflagration. Second, the paper points out the private collections played a crucial role in books preservation. The third section shows that the Cao family had begun sought for books since as early as before the change of the dynasty. The following section discusses the relation between Zheng Mo 鄭默 and Zhongjing 中經 of the Wei dynasty. The last section tries to explain two enigmas in book categorization of Zhongjing of the Western Jin. By the above analysis, the paper attempts to demonstrate the following fact: it was the society itself that was the key to protecting books from destruction.