南航北歸──久保天隨「游草」所見旅台航線及其海洋書寫

Southbound Sailing and Northbound Homecoming:Kubo Tenzui’s Itinerary Highlights and Maritime Writing in His Travel-themed Poems

久保天隨承繼日本古典紀行文學，年少時多方嘗試紀行美文的筆法以實踐其創作理念，後期將此過渡到他在漢詩雜誌《隨鷗集》保留和文、漢詩並呈的書寫型態。其於大正二年正式出版漢詩集，而在東亞各地旅遊所寫的系列「游草」，多數刊於《斯文》雜誌，直到天隨赴台灣任職，計有二十種具「游草」性質的漢詩，入台後改以「題襟小集」為標題，大量收錄每年往返台灣、日本兩地所作的旅遊詩。本文擬從其中書寫海洋的系列「同題組詩」，探討天隨每年暑假「南航（台灣）」、「北歸（日本）」，在搭乘「基隆神戶線」的固定航路，如何表現四日航程的晝夜晴晦、山光水影、離岸靠岸等船行風光的變化，呈現久保天隨在古典詩歌寫作構思上不斷翻出新意，展現其海洋書寫的詩歌技藝，而逐年的「同題重寫」也帶出他入台心境的轉折。

Influenced by classical Japanese travel literature, Kubo Tenzui experimented extensively with ornate travelogues to put his early creative philosophy into practice. Later, his writing would feature the juxtaposition of Japanese texts and Chinese poems in the Chinese poetry magazine Sui-Ou Ji (Seagull-following Anthology). Kubo published his first poetry anthology in the 2nd year of the Taishōera (1913), while most of his travel-themed poems written on his voyage across East Asia were published in the magazine Si-Wen (Literature for Our Times). He had already published 20 travel-themed Chinese poems up until the time he accepted a teaching post in Taiwan. From that point onward, Kubo put together a large quantity of poems he composed during his regular shuttling between Taiwan and Japan under the title“Tijin Xiaoji”(Emotion-Expressing Poetry). Focusing on Kubo’s maritime poem series written while he was a passenger aboard the“Keelung-Kobe line”which he sailed southbound to Taiwan and northbound to Japan every summer vacation, this article seeks to investigate how Kubo depicted the changing scenery on the four-day voyage, such as the shift from day to night, the　alternation of clear and cloudy skies, the reflection of the mountains on the calm waters, as well as the departure and arrival of the ocean liner. Such poetic depictions illustrate not only Kubo’s literary creativity in classical poetry but also his mastery of maritime writing. In addition, his rewriting on the same topic year after year further revealed the evolution of his frame of mind during his stay in Taiwan.