愛滋感染者COVID-19流行病學及預後

Epidemiology and Outcomes of COVID-19 in People Living with HIV

免疫功能低下病患感染COVID-19有較高的重症和死亡風險，愛滋感染者是其中需要關注的族群之一，他們感染COVID-19的臨床表現與預後，以及接種疫苗的成效，需要有研究作為臨床照護依據。相關研究發現，對於穩定服藥控制愛滋病的患者，感染COVID-19時其臨床表現和預後與非感染者相似，但未控制良好的患者則面臨較高的重症和死亡風險。有關COVID-19治療，愛滋感染者與一般群眾治療方式相同。在疫苗方面，愛滋感染者接種COVID-19疫苗的反應普遍不錯，但未服用抗病毒藥或典型後天免疫缺乏症候群的患者可能疫苗反應較差，建議不論CD4 T細胞數值高低皆應儘早接種疫苗並接受追加劑。了解愛滋感染者在COVID-19疫情中的特點，針對高風險族群提供有效的預防措施和治療措施，對於公共衛生和全民健康具有重要意義。在COVID-19疫情降溫後我們仍持續走在愛滋病照護的道路上，朝2030年消除愛滋目標邁進。

According to the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan, immunocompromised individuals, including those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), are at higher risk of severe outcomes and mortality when they contract COVID-19. Understanding the clinical manifestations, prognosis, and vaccine efficacy in this population is essential for guiding clinical care. Previous studies have shown that HIV-infected patients with stable disease control exhibited clinical manifestations and outcomes similar to those of non-infected individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, patients with poorly controlled HIV infections are at an increased risk of severe outcomes and mortality. The standard treatment for COVID-19 was similar in HIV-infected patients and the general population. People living with HIV showed a favorable response to COVID-19 vaccines. However, patients not receiving antiretroviral therapy or those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome may have a diminished immune response. It is recommended that all people living with HIV, regardless of their CD4+ T-cell count, receive COVID-19 vaccines early and consider an additional booster dose. Understanding the characteristics of patients with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic and providing effective preventive and therapeutic measures for high-risk populations are crucial for public health and the overall well-being of the population. As the COVID-19 pandemic subsides, we continue to progress towards the goal of eliminating HIV by 2030.