論「跟蹤騷擾行為」入罪化爭議

Controversy of Criminalization of“Stalking and Harassment”

2021年4月，行政院提出「跟蹤騷擾防治法草案」版本並送入立法院審查，該草案係參考美國與日本立法例所訂定而成。其中，「跟蹤騷擾行為」的入罪化，係為了解決社會上層出不窮但卻無法可管的跟蹤騷擾行為。然而，該犯罪構成要件的訂定，可能因牽涉到不同的行為樣態，包含傳統類型的跟蹤騷擾行為以及運用科技設備的網路跟蹤騷擾行為，而需在構成要件設計上，特別處理與立法。本文透過爬梳美國法的相關立法模式後，提出比較法觀點的分析建議，希望能對我國跟蹤騷擾行為的刑事立法，提供些許建言。

In April 2021, the Executive Yuan proposed the“Stalking and Harassment Prevention Act”and sent it to the Legislative Yuan for review. The bill refers to the legislation of the United States and Japan. Criminalizing stalking and harassment aim to solve the endless and uncontrollable situation of stalking and harassment in society. However, the establishment of the elements of the crime may involve different behavior patterns, including the traditional type of stalking and harassing, as well as the technology type of cyber-stalking and cyber-harassment. After sorting out the relevant legislative models of American law, this article puts forward analysis and suggestions from the perspective of comparative law. And hopes to provide some recommendations for Taiwan’s criminal legislation of stalking and harassment.