女大學生子宮頸癌疫苗知識、施打意願及自覺因素相關之研究：以台中市四所大學為例

An Investigation of Female University Students’Understanding of Cervical Cancer Vaccine, Willingness to Receive Vaccine, and Self- Consciousness at four Universities in Taichung City, Taiwan

目的
女性十大癌症死因中，子宮頸癌仍是女性不可輕忽的健康威脅。隨著社會風氣及性觀念逐漸開放，年輕女性感染HPV乃至罹患子宮頸癌的可能性升高。本研究之目的為了解女大學生對於HPV知識、施打疫苗意願、以及自覺因素等相關認知情形。
方法
本研究以台中市四所大學在學女大學生為對象，採便利取樣及現場發卷方式，經受試者同意後進行自填式問卷調查。共發放500份問卷，有效問卷回收率為97.8％。蒐集完成之資料利用SPSS統計套裝軟體，進行描述性統計、推論性統計、複迴歸等統計分析。
結果
臺中市女大學生對「知識1」的認知會因為發生性行為人數不同而有顯著差異；「知識3」、「知識5」的答對率較高。迴歸模型顯示，科技大學、戶籍地為南部、曾與1人發生性行為、未曾施打疫苗等因子，對女大學生的「施打意願」具有顯著預測性（F=4.027,p<0.001）；戶籍地為南部、母親教育程度為國中以下，則是影響女大學生「自覺因素」的顯著預測因子（F=3.249,p<0.001）。
結論
本研究之女大學生曾施打過疫苗者不到三成、對於HPV疫苗「施打意願」的平均得分大部份不及4分，建議衛生主管機關可進一步思考及規劃接種HPV疫苗更為合適與充分的推廣方式與途徑。受訪女大生對「HPV知識」答對率超過八成者僅有2題，有2題答對率甚至只有四成多，建議女大學生應能較主動地瞭解HPV感染及疫苗的相關知識，以提升正確認知及降低罹患風險。

Purposes Cervical cancer remains one of the top ten causes of cancer death in women and a health threat that women should not ignore. The likelihood of young women contracting human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and even developing cervical cancer increases with the progressive liberalization of their social environment and sexual attitudes. This study aimed to comprehend the knowledge, vaccination receptivity, and self-awareness in female university students regarding HPV.
Methods
In this study, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed on-site to female students at four universities in Taichung City, Taiwan, through a convenience sampling method after obtaining the consent of the participants. In total, 500 questionnaires were distributed, with a valid questionnaire return rate of 97.8%. After data collection, statistical analysis, such as descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and multiple regression, was performed using SPSS software.
Results
The accurate answer rate of“Knowledge 1”in female university students in Taichung City shifted radically based on the number of individuals with whom they had sexual behaviors, whereas it was higher for“Knowledge 3”and“Knowledge 5.”The regression model revealed that the University of Science and Technology, household registration place being the Southern region, having had sex with one person, and never having been vaccinated were the significant predictors of the willingness to undergo vaccination in female university students (F=4.027, p<0.001). Household registration place being the Southern region and the mother’s educational level below junior high school were significant predictors of self-consciousness in female university students (F=3.249, p<0.001).
Conclusions
In this study, less than 30% of female university students had ever received the vaccine, and most of them, on average, scored less than four when asked about their intention to do so. It is proposed that health authorities explore and plan additional, more suitable, and adequate channels and techniques for promoting HPV vaccination. Only two of the questions were answered correctly by more than 80% of the female students, whereas only 40% of them answered two questions correctly. It is suggested that female university students should be more proactive in understanding HPV infection, the importance of vaccination, and ways to lower their risk of contracting HPV.