大學社會責任的實踐說：以物探域的行動者網絡分析

University Social Responsibility as Practice: An Analysis of Actor-Network Theory in Exploring Fields with Objects

本研究揭示大學社會責任的實踐經驗，反映USR前線教師投入初期遭致新生組織場域懷具模糊性的實作挑戰。對此，援引行動者網絡理論與實踐理論，發展一個歷程模型來探問身處USR場域的當責情境下，行動者如何透過一連串的異質實作，動態構成行動者網絡。基於「如何」的提問，實徵上透過參與式行動研究，擇定一套名為玩心設計行動的服務物件集合為研究對象，主要提供自導式地方文化參訪服務，以議題式實境遊戲將關係人帶入淡水百年市街，探究2017至2022年間的社會嵌入實作。研究發現主要有三：第一、「創造服務物件」就是在模糊挑戰下，創造每種關係人族群的能動條件。第二、倡議大學社會責任的實踐說，提出USR前線教師驅動行動者網絡演化的「嵌入模型」。第三、嵌入模型內蘊「以物探域」能動機制，階段性地驅動社會實踐的動態演化。最後，討論理論貢獻與實務意涵。

This article unpacks the practical experience with University Social Responsibility (USR) and reflects the initial ambiguity of the challenges faced by USR frontliners in nascent organizational fields. Drawing on the literatures of actor-network theory (ANT) and practice theory, a process model is developed to explore how actors dynamically construct actor networks through a course of practice works under the accountable context of the USR field. Asking the exploratory question of“how”informed the conduct of empirical participatory action research in 2017-2022 in the historical town of Tamsui. Place-based culture-visiting service of alternate reality games are encapsulated in the objects, which are chosen for socially engaged inquiry. The research findings are as follows.“The creation of service objects”creates agency for each group of stakeholders facing the challenges of ambiguity. In addition, under the advocacy of USR-as-practice, the“engagement model”in USR-driven actor networks are proposed. The agency mechanism of“exploring fields with objects”is derived from the dynamic evolution of social practice. Finally, theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed.