基於模糊邏輯的增程式混合動力機車能量管理系統

Energy-Management System of Range-Extender Hybrid Motorcycle Based on Fuzzy Logic

本文發展一智慧型能量管理系統以應用於增程式混合動力機車。首先設計機車的混合動力系統，包括引擎發電機、磷酸鋰鐵電池和驅動馬達，並且推導這些動力元件的數學模型。利用模糊邏輯整合實驗數據資訊和專家口語化的經驗以設計模糊規則庫，此模糊系統依據機車行車的功率需求和電池的殘電量（State of Charge, SOC）狀態協調引擎發電機和電池的功率輸出，以滿足機車行車的功率需求，解決傳統能量管理系統模式下，電池充放電過劇和引擎發電機發電變化太大的問題。以Matlab軟體平台撰寫機車行駛的模擬程式，在歐盟ECE40行車型態和路面坡度下，比較定功率發電、功率跟隨發電和本文智慧型能量管理系統三種不同方法的優劣，從模擬結果可以驗證本文所提方法的優越性。

This paper explores the feasibility of installing an intelligent energy-management system unto a range-extender hybrid motorcycle. Firstly, the hybrid powertrain system of the motorcycle is designed, including the engine generator, lithium iron phosphate battery, and the drive motor. Mathematical models of these power components are thus obtained. Secondly, experimental data and expert knowledge are integrated in line with fuzzy logic to design a fuzzy rule base. This fuzzy system coordinates the power output of the engine generator and the battery based on the motorcycle’s power demand and the battery’s state of charge（SOC）to meet the power requirements of the motorcycle. It addresses issues such as excessive battery charge-discharge and significant fluctuations in engine generator output observed in traditional energy management system modes. Thirdly, a simulation program for motorcycle travel is developed using the Matlab software platform. The simulations are conducted under the European Union's ECE40 driving cycle and road gradient to compare with each other the performance of three different methods: constant power generation, power tracking generation, and the proposed intelligent energy management system. Last, the simulation results validate the superiority of the method proposed in this paper.