腦組織研究與利用之倫理規範研析──以日本法經驗為借鑒

Research and Analysis on Code of Ethics of Brain Tissue Research and Utilization: Examining the Experience of the Japan

腦科學的研究十分重要，長起以來，各國無不投入大量資源，並希望藉由腦組織的勸募及腦組織檢體資料庫（以下簡稱腦庫）的設置，協助人類能對腦神經疾病及其原因有更深入的理解，藉此研製有效治癒疾病的醫療技術與藥品，廣泛造福社會人民。
然而，腦庫雖被認為是近代腦科學研究不可或缺的拼圖，但我國現有法令恐怕已不足以因應。本文希望能借境日本經驗，當研究者對於已儲存於腦庫的腦組織或檢體進行研究與利用時，探討該如何保障捐贈者及其相關人員之權益。
換言之，如何建立一套值得社會信賴的腦組織研究與利用規範，必須分別針對腦組織本身以及研究利用的法律性質、利用的告知同意，以及超出目的之利用等為深入探討，也希望在目前我國對本議題尚未有豐富研究的情況下，本文能發揮拋磚引玉的效果，為我國未來腦庫運作及其倫理與權益之保障有所貢獻。

The research of brain science is very important. For a long time, all countries have invested a lot of resources, and hope that through the brain donor recruitment and the establishment of Brain bank, we can help humans to have a deeper understanding of brain diseases and their causes. , so as to develop medical technologies and medicines that can effectively cure diseases and benefit the people of society.
However, although the brain bank is considered to be an indispensable puzzle for modern brain science research, the existing laws and regulations in my country may not be enough to deal with it. This article hopes to refer to the Japanese experience, and discuss how to protect the rights and interests of donors and related personnel when researchers conduct research and use of brain tissue or specimens that have been stored in brain banks.
In other words, how to establish a set of socially trustworthy norms for brain tissue research and use must be discussed separately for the brain tissue itself, the legal nature of research and use, informed consent for use, and use beyond the purpose. In the absence of abundant research, this paper can play the role of attracting new ideas, and contribute to the operation of my country's future brain bank and the protection of its ethics and rights.