學校時間社會學——國中學生學校時間概念與時間運用之探究

Sociology of School Time－A Preliminary Study of School Timetable and Time Utilization for Junior High School Students

學校透過時間框架規範每個師生的作息，雖讓學校穩定有序，卻可能框限學生的主體動能。本研究以大臺北地區某個特定學校為研究場域，試圖理解該校的時間框架如何？學生如何詮釋此時間框架？學生是否試圖跨越時間框架？以何種策略跨越？為何跨越？這樣的跨越與學生之社會文化背景有何關聯？根據研究目的，本研究採取質性研究取徑，於此學校脈絡中描述時間框架，進而理解學生時間運用的觀念與行動。研究發現，赤子中學基本時間框架是反覆循環的時間迴圈；身處學校時間框架下學生的學校生活是被框限的，若不遵從可能會遭受懲罰；學生發現課堂時間其實可以偷、也可以轉換，且師生互動下教師對學生的好惡也影響了時間框架的鬆緊。再者，學生選擇是否跨越學校時間框架也與其階級文化、學業成績有關，且學生回應策略與其時間取向亦相互影響。故在「官方」定義的時間，學生對於學校時間的意義實則上有自己的詮釋，引導著學生展現出各種不同的行為模式。

The school regulates the work and rest of each teacher and student through the time frame. Although it makes the school stable and orderly, it may limit the students' main kinetic energy. This research uses a specific school in the Greater Taipei area as the research field. What is the time frame of this school? How do students interpret this time frame? Is the student trying to cross the time frame? What kind of strategy is used to leapfrog? Why leap? What is the connection between such a leap and the social and cultural background of the students? According to the research purpose, this research adopts a qualitative research approach, describing the time frame in the context of the school, and then understanding the concepts and actions of students using time. The study found that the basic time frame of Chizi Middle School is a repetitive cycle of time; the school life of students in the school time frame is limited and may be punished if they do not comply; students discover that classroom time can actually be stolen or can The transformation and the teacher's likes and dislikes towards students under the teacher-student interaction also affect the tightness of the time frame. Furthermore, whether students choose to cross the school time frame is also related to their class culture and academic performance, and their response strategies and their time orientation also influence each other. Therefore, in the time defined by the "official", students actually have their own interpretation of the meaning of school time, which guides students to show a variety of different behavior patterns.