金門浦邊貝塚遺址的文化內涵和分布範圍

Cultural Manifestation and Distribution Boundary of Pubian Shell-Midden Site on Quemoy Island

浦邊貝塚遺址位於金門島太武山西北方的海岸沖積緩坡上，發現初期曾經過小規模的試掘，出土貝塚遺跡、陶質和石質等文化遺物、以及多樣的生態遺留。金門地區出土具有類似文化特徵的考古遺址，還包括金門島的后豐港遺址、烈嶼的青岐遺址和西湖遺址等。學者並以浦邊文化來統稱這些遺址。由於浦邊文化的遺址只有浦邊遺址和后豐港遺址進行過試掘，各遺址的文化內涵和分布範圍仍有待進一步的研究。因此，本研究針對浦邊遺址，以密集且全面性的地表徒步調查、配合採土器在現存貝塚露頭上，進行人工淺層鑽探、並抽樣試掘主要貝塚露頭、進而採集定量土壤樣本進行生態遺留和花粉分析，藉此深入探討遺址的文化內涵和可能的分布範圍，並以出土的文化內涵和測定年代，與福建沿海地區約略同時期的考古文化和遺址，進行比較分析和討論。

The Pubian shell-midden site is located on the gentle alluvial slopes along the coastline northwest of Mount Taiwu on Quemoy Island. When the site was first discovered, there were small-scale test excavations that unearthed cultural remains such as pottery, stone artifacts, and a wide array of ecofacts. Archaeological sites with similar cultural characteristics include Houfenggang site of Quemoy Island, as well as Qingqi and Xihu sites of Lieyu Island. Collectively, they are all categorized as Pubian Culture by scholars. Of the Pubian Culture sites, only Houfenggang and Pubian were test excavated. As for the rest, more research is needed to explore their cultural manifestation and distribution boundary. In view of the above, this study targeted and undertook an intensive and comprehensive pedestrian survey on the Pubian site. Methodically, there were manual shallow drilling on shell-midden outcrops and random test excavations of key outcrops. These were consolidated by subsequent collection of soil samples for analysis of ecofacts and pollen. The objective is twofold—to explore Pubian’s cultural manifestation and possible distribution boundary, and to compare cultural manifestation with the contemporaneous cultures and sites along the coastal areas in the Fujian Province.