明代軍戶中的家人、義男

Adopted Family Members within Ming Dynasty Military Households

明代以軍戶世襲衛所軍役，設軍政條例以規範軍戶戶內繼補軍役人選。對於軍戶常以家人、義男冒頂軍役的現實狀況，軍政條例中有禁令，也有妥協，總之以軍役的延續為第一要務。本文以族譜資料為主，衛選簿紀錄為輔，配合管見所及之賦役黃冊、保甲冊中對軍戶家人、義男的記載方式，力圖還原家人、義男對明代軍戶戶籍制度乃至家族結構帶來的影響。

During the Ming dynasty, garrison military service was passed down through military households, and military ordinances were established to standardize who within a military household could inherit military service. Military ordinances included both prohibitions and compromises regarding adopted family members who took over military service on behalf of someone in their household, the continuation of military service always the primary goal behind regulations. This paper focuses mainly on clan genealogies, while also utilizing records from guard appointment books as supplementary materials. The work also integrates records about adopted family members in military households taken from Yellow Registers of Taxes and Services (fuyi huangce 賦役黃冊) and Baojia Registers (baojia ce 保甲冊) consulted by the author. In this way, the author attempts to rediscover the influence adopted family members had on the Ming dynasty military household registration system and even on clan structure.