開放政府資料：一個系統性文獻探討的系統性文獻探討

Open Government Data: a Systematic Literature Review of Systematic Literature Review

開放政府資料（Open Government Data, OGD）是一種哲學，近年來在各國也逐漸成為一種政策。從政府資訊自由（Freedom of Information）一路演變而來的開放政府資料，也在實務界與學術界逐漸受到重視。系統性文獻探討（Systematic Literature Review, SLR）作為研究方法的一種，在學術界運用在開放政府資料研究方法上，且有日漸增加的趨勢。本文正是運用系統性文獻探討的方式，檢視了2009~2021年的36篇對開放政府資料的相關文章，進行系統性文獻探討，並對這些文獻的主題、理論、結論與未來建議進行分類與整理。結果發現，開放政府資料的系統性文獻探討有逐年增加的趨勢，且相對於研討會論文，是以期刊論文為大宗。作者區域方面，以歐洲為最多，亞洲居次。主題而言，初期以整個OGD為主體的文獻探討為最多，後期針對OGD的細項分類文獻探討逐漸增加，並出現了許多關於OGD的困難／阻礙／挑戰與促進因素的探討。不過，開放政府資料中的系統性文獻探討，關於相關理論的應用與建立仍有待努力。再者，開放政府資料的系統性文獻探討的結論仍以分類與整理為主，找出窒礙難行的原因次之，提出次領域的研究發現再次之。最後，這些系統性文獻探討的未來建議，共有9種類型，其中以品質的提昇為主，其次則是加入市民的參與與對話，以及運用其他研究工具輔助。本文整理了過去已經發表過的開放政府資料系統性文獻探討文章，除了讓學者能夠瞭解過去已經進行過的研究，同時也提出了未來相關研究可以探索的方向。

Open Government Data(OGD) is a philosophy that has gradually become a policy in recent years. Following this line of Freedom of Information, OGD has received attention in both practice and academia. Systematic Literature Review (SLR), as one of the research methods, is increasingly used in OGD research. This study uses SLR as a research method, reviewing 36 articles from 2009 to 2021, focusing on articles related to SLR in open government data research and their topics, theories, conclusions, and future directions. The results reveal that OGD SLR research has more journal articles than conference articles. The authors were mostly from Europe, followed by Asia. On the research topic, the entire OGD was at the top of the list in the first few years, however, an increasing number of articles have highlighted the sub-categories of OGD and focused on the difficulties, obstacles, challenges, and facilitators more recently. Further, theories in related fields require more attention. Moreover, the conclusions are more of a categorization and arrangement of articles, followed by determining the reason for the aforementioned difficulty and the research results of the sub-fields. Finally, data quality improvement is one of the top recommendations in this research, followed by engaging citizen participation and dialogue and using other research methods. This research reviewed published OGD-related SLR articles, not only revealing past research conclusions and recommendations, but also identifying the future direction of OGD research.