東協國家防疫及疫苗政策的檢視及研析：2020至2022年初期間

The Review and Analysis of COVID-19 Pandemic Control and Vaccination Policy by ASEAN Countries: 2020―Early 2022

全球新冠肺炎自2020年爆發，初期防疫良好的越南、泰國、緬甸、柬埔寨等國則在2021年疫情持續升高。隨著英國、印度、Omicron變異病毒株盛行，疫情防控困難。而疫苗取得不易，交付不及、施打效率低落等問題，難以及時落實大規模接種，造成疫情擴大與惡化。2021年東協諸國陷入抗疫及開放邊境的兩難，馬、菲、印等延長全國封鎖，各國的邊境管制連帶限制東南亞區域流通及連結。東協各國因應疫情採取防控及疫苗政策，有其共通性，然係於醫療公衛、國內政治經濟及外交關係等考量，呈現不同的政策光譜。本文將檢視及比較東協十國政策發展、成效及決策因素，東協區域防疫合作效益為何，以及研析區域重啟流通及經濟復甦的前景為何。

In the aftermath of the outbreak of Coronavirus (COVID-19) worldwide in early 2020, as global infection was rising, Southeast Asia countries demonstrated good performance in pandemic control due to stringent border control and domestic regulation. However, with another wave of new-variant pandemic, such as Alpha, Beta, Delta and Omicron, the SE Asia countries saw a tremendous rising in infections due to the vaccination delay against rapid-transmission virus, border-reopening and domestic deregulation measures. The pandemic response and massive vaccination policy adopted by individual ASEAN policies share some similarities, while some variances are showed in the decision-making under the influence of medical and health science, domestic politics, economy, and foreign relations. This essay reviews the disease-control and vaccination policy by every ASEAN country, in which the similarities and variances from micro-to macro-dimension along the phase of pandemic development are addressed, and the prospect of regional cooperation and re-connectiveness is further assessed.