明武職選簿與衛所武官制的研究──記中研院史語所藏明代武職選簿殘本兼評川越泰博的選簿研究

A Study on the Military Appointments Books and the System of the Military Officers of the Guards during the Ming : On the Incomplete Military Appointments Books of the Ming Dynasty collected by the Institute of History and Philology at Academia Sinica with comments on the studies of the Books by Kawagoe Yasuhiro

武職選簿記錄了明代衛所武官世襲武職的家族經歷，是武選時兵部必須參照的重要資料。由於記載內容包括了祖輩以來的從軍緣由、武官功過及武職升降原因等，為明代衛所武官制度的研究，提供了許多珍貴的一手資料。武職選簿以北京第一歷史檔案館收藏的數量最多，日本學者川越泰博則以日本收藏的十餘種抄本，做過一連串研究。本文利用新發現的史語所藏本，配合其他原始史料，除對川越說提出檢討，並說明選簿的利用價值。

In the Ming dynasty, the Military Appointments Books were prerequisite to the Ministry of War for personnel selection. They recorded the family careers of the hereditary officers of the Guards, containing a great deal of rare primary sources on the military personnel administration of the Guards. They can answer such questions as why the old generations joined the armies, how merits and demerits were recorded, how promotions and demotions were made, and etc. The First Historical Archives in Peking holds the largest collection of the Military Appointments Books, while the Japanese scholar Kawagoe Yasuhiro has studied a little more than 10 kinds of hand-copied Appointments Books collected in Japan. By using the Appointments Books newly discovered in the Institute of History and Philology, together with other primary sources, this essay examines Kawagoe Yasuhiro's works and illustrates the values of these Books.