建構視覺障礙學生水中體適能課程並檢視其成

An Investigation of Effects on the Curriculum Development of Aqua Fitness for Students with Visual Disability

視覺障礙者參與運動的機會受限，造成動作發展、肌肉適能與柔軟度等表現不足。水中體適能對心肺適能、身體組成、下肢肌力及柔軟度的成效皆有改善，能減少體脂肪和慢性疾病發生率。本研究設計一套水中體適能課程，以肌肉適能的下肢動作為基礎，加入SWEAT方程式的變換動作，藉此提升心肺適能及柔軟度，並改善身體組成，增進健康體適能成效。採單一受試研究法之撤回設計處理，以臺北市某校3位視覺障礙學生為研究對象，進行為期8週、每週3次、每次50分鐘水中體適能課程，含水中體適能動作學習與訓練結合測驗的6分鐘水中跑走，針對個別化需求提供課程教材內容及教法的調整，以達到最大成效。水中體適能課程對視覺障礙學生身體質量指數和體脂率無立即與維持成效；對心肺適能及下肢肌力的立即與維持成效有改善，未達顯著；對柔軟度有立即成效。建構一套視覺障礙學生的水中體適能課程，需針對個別化需求進行設計和教學教法之調整，水中體適能課程介入具正面效益。

It is important to construct a curriculum of aqua fitness with lower injury rates for students with visual disability since there are less opportunities for them to participate in sports. The study aimed to investigate the effects on curriculum development of aqua fitness for students with visual disability. The study employed single-subject designs, and the participants were three visually impaired students at a visually impaired school in Taipei. The present research conducted an eight-week aqua fitness for fifty minutes at a time, and three days a week. The data of baseline, intervention, and maintenance periods were collected to be analyzed by automated visual inspection systems and C statistics. The outcomes of this study are as follows: 1. There were no significant differences between the body mass index (BMI) and the body fat on the immediate and maintaining effects. 2. The immediate and maintaining effects on muscular strength and cardiovascular fitness were not significantly improved. 3. The immediate effects of the aqua fitness statistically significantly improved the flexibility of the students with visual disability. Therefore, the results of the current study suggested that the individual differences, course adjustments and teaching methods should be taken into consideration when constructing an aqua fitness curriculum for students with visual disability. Also, the students with visual disability could benefit from the aqua fitness.