應用解構式計畫行為理論探討長者參與樂智AI桌遊行為之研究

Applying Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior to explore older adults participating in AI Board Game

前言：為了延緩退化，許多研究發現刺激認知的課程是有效的，其中以科技結合認知刺激課程，可增加課程多樣性與趣味性鼓勵長者參與認知課程並提升行為意圖，進而幫助長者延緩認知功能退化。本研究設計樂智AI桌遊作為認知刺激的課程活動，以解構式計劃行為理論為架構探索影響長者行為意圖與影響因素的關係。
方法：以北北基社區據點65歲以上長者為收案對象，以解構式計劃行為理論架構設計問卷，進行行為意圖因素相關性與相關性分析。
結果與討論：本研究共回收126份問卷，經統計分析後結果顯示態度與知覺行為控制對行為意圖有顯著正向影響力。其中知覺有用性對態度與行為意圖有顯著正向影響力，表示知覺有用性是推動長者行為意圖的重要因子，因此要增加行為意圖可以從長者的態度與知覺行為控制及知覺有用性著手，讓長者認為「樂智AI桌遊」是吸引人的好方法、對他有幫助、且能夠有能力操作，就能持續推動使用長者樂智AI桌遊。

Background: Various studies that explored approaches to delay cognitive deterioration have revealed cognitive stimulation programs to be effective. The incorporation of technology into these programs increase to the diversity and playfulness of the programs content, which enhances older adults’behavioral intentions to participate in these programs and thereby helps delay the deterioration of their cognitive functions.
Objective: This study explored the relationship between the behavioral intentions of older adults and factors that influenced these intentions by developing an artificial intelligence board game named Lezhi for cognitive stimulation course activities and by using the decomposed theory of planned behavior (DTPB) as the theoretical framework.
Methods: 126 Older adults aged 65 years or older who lived in communies located in the Taipei–Keelung metropolitan area were recruited as the research participants. A questionnaire survey designed using the DTPB was administered to the participants to determine the correlation of related factors with behavioral intentions and correlation analysis.
Results and discussions: The study analysis result revealed that both attitude and perceived behavioral control significantly and positively influnced behavioral intentions and that perceived usefulness significantly and positively influnced attitude and behavioral intentions. This suggests that perceived usefulness is a critical factor for older adults’behavioral intentions. Therefore, to enhance older adults’behavioral intentions, one may start from changing their attitude and perceived behavioral control. In addition, older adults may have a higher tendency to continue using the Lezhi board game if they consider the Lezhi board game an attractive and helpful tool of training cognitive functions and is easy for them to play.