日本反中潮流的「中國像」分析：以「嫌中本」出版潮為例（2012～2014）

China’s Image in Japan’s Anti-China Trend: the Case of Japan’s “Anti-China Publications” during 2012~2014

本研究以2012～2014年間的嫌中本出版潮期間之暢銷書為主要分析文本，探討這些書籍所呈現的中國像，以及背後隱含的觀念思想。本研究假設嫌中思想於歷史脈絡中的延續性，首先回顧近代以來日本社會之中國認識的轉折變化，以及戰後以來日本出版界的中國像之變遷，進而對嫌中潮的暢銷書籍透過三個研究問題分析──其對「中國」概念以及對中國民族與歷史的理解、對現代中國社會與中國人性格的描繪、對日中戰爭歷史的認知，從而對「嫌中」一詞涵義與對象範圍做出更明確的界定。本文發現，任何一種嫌中論述都是立基於與某理想標準相較之下的優越意識，以突顯日本相較於中國之優越性，因此本文最後試圖依其優越性之不同憑藉整理出三種嫌中論述的純粹類型。

Anti-China sentiment in Japan has always been a major source of Japan’s China policy. Such sentiment can be detected in Japan’s “Anti-China publications” which based their arguments on authors’ cognition and understanding of China. Through text analysis of these publications from 2012 to 2014, this research examined their construction of China’s images about Chinese nation, Chinese society, Chinese history and the nature of the Second Sino-Japanese War. The research establishes three types of Japan’s China images, as all feature certain comparative superiority of Japan upon China. The typology of Japan’s China images include: Confucianism based superiority, Western values based superiority, and indigenous uniqueness based superiority.