南韓與中東、非洲關係之研析

South Korea's Relations with the Middle East and Africa

南韓與中東與非洲國家關係這些年來已從過去的被動與冷淡轉變到目前廣泛而多面向。南韓與中東與非洲國家關係正透過近來構建以未來為導向的伙伴關係、克服當前經濟挑戰以及營造雙贏局面三途徑擴大中。南韓正試圖逐漸由過去僅聚焦於經貿合作為主軸的發展轉型到更具戰略意義的方面，如核能領域與政治軍事合作，終而邁向全面戰略伙伴關係。儘管如此，2016年5月韓國總統朴權惠（Park Geun-hye）率領韓國史上最大的商務代表團訪問伊朗，凸顯南韓又走回經貿主導的對中東與非洲政策的老路線。更有進者，南韓政府強調與伊朗所簽訂371億美元規模的諒解備忘錄（MOUs）。朴權惠政府急於過份強調經濟利益使不少分析家警告誇大南韓與伊朗經貿關係有可能會對南韓與波斯灣國家的傳統友誼造成不利，尤其是沙烏地阿拉伯（Saudi Arabia）。

South Korea's relations with the Middle East and Africa (MEA) have changed throughout the years, from passive and indifferent to extensive and diverse. Broadly speaking, the relations have enjoyed a cooperative economic relationship during the last several decades. Recently South Korea has been shifting its focus of cooperation from economy-oriented cooperation to more strategic areas like the nuclear energy sector, political and strategic partnership, and military cooperation. The important aspect of this evolving interregional cooperation is based on an assumption that it can create a new discourse in the history of international development cooperation that would be differentiated from the existing models in which collaboration among the developing countries is more or less unilateral nature of one giving help to another such as China's foreign aids to African countries.