營業秘密之「合理保密措施」要件與其認定——美國經濟間諜法判決之借鏡

Determining Reasonable Measures to Protect Trade Secrets—What Can We Learn from U.S. Cases Concerning the Economic Espionage Act

營業秘密法第13條之1和第13條之2分別就非法取得、洩漏或利用營業秘密、及意圖在境外使用而為該些非法行為等行為處以刑事懲罰。不過，成立刑事責任之前提是系爭營業秘密須符合相關要件，例如被害人應對系爭秘密採取「合理保密措施」。本文以美國《經濟間諜法》（Economic Espionage Act，EEA）之相關刑事判決為借鏡，就「合理保密措施」之認定，對我國司法實務和刑事偵察實務提出建言。

In order to find a defendant accused of trade secret misappropriation criminally liable, one must prove that the disputed trade secret meets three requirements one of which is a reasonable measure to maintain secrecy under the Taiwan Trade Secret Act. This article is intended to introduce three criminal cases concerning the Economic Espionage Act of the United States and to provide any implications from those cases to improve the determination of reasonable measures in Taiwan.