以生理及心理感受建立捷運場站周邊步行可及性指標之研究

A Study of Walking Accessibility Indicators Based on Physical and Psychological Feelings around MRT Stations

本文透過捷運場站周邊土地使用規劃，以減少私人運具使用之大眾運輸導向發展模式（Transit-Oriented Development）及注重捷運場站間步行廊帶規劃之大眾運輸導向廊帶發展模式（Transit-Oriented Corridors）概念，分析捷運場站周邊步行可及性之影響指標，考量人為步行主體，嘗試在生理及心理兩因子下，建立「影響構面」及「指標」之階層分析架構，以模糊德爾菲法（Fuzzy Delphi Method）蒐集專家學者意見以獲得步行可及性之影響指標，並利用多評準決策方法（DEMATEL-based ANP）分析指標間的互動關係並決定指標的權重值；實證結果發現，影響步行可及性前五名重要性指標依權重值依序為商業活動、步行連續性、開放空間、可見度及人車分隔等；其中「商業活動」為影響步行可及性最重要的關鍵指標，與「開放空間」指標同屬於心理因子下之活動性構面，其他三項指標則隸屬於生理因子下之安全性構面，研究結果表示心理因子對於步行可及性影響較生理因子為大，建議在步道空間改良上可著重於提高心理感受之活動性設計，例如捷運場站周邊之商業活動及開放空間等，以提高民眾步行前往捷運場站之意願；其次則透過步行連續性、可見度及人車分隔等環境改善，提升步道之連續性及安全性，以營造更好的步行活動空間，達成TOD及TOC之發展目標。

The study uses two concepts to analyze the impact indicators of pedestrian accessibility around MRT stations. One is Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), which emphasizes reducing private transport use through land use planning around MRT stations. The other is the Transit-Oriented Corridors concept, which focuses on planning pedestrian corridors between MRT stations. In addition, a hierarchical analysis framework of“dimensions”and“indicators”was established under the two“factors”of physiology and psychology. The Fuzzy Delphi Method was used to collect experts’opinions and analyse the impact indicators of walkability. The DEMATEL-based ANP was used to analyse the weight of the indicators. In order of weight, the top five important indicators are commercial activities, pedestrian continuity, open space, visibility, pedestrian and vehicle separation, etc. Among them,“commercial activity”is the most important indicator that affects walkability and belongs to the activity dimension of the psychological factor together with“open space.”In contrast, the other three indicators belong to the safety dimension of the physical factor. The results indicate that psychological factors have a greater impact on walkability. Therefore, the improvement of sidewalks can first focus on activity-oriented designs, such as commercial activities around MRT stations and the use of open space for markets and events, to increase people’s willingness to walk to MRT stations. Then, the pedestrian continuity, visibility, and separation of pedestrians and vehicles will be improved to enhance the continuity and safety of pedestrian walkways. The ultimate goal is to create a better pedestrian space to achieve TOD and TOC development.