局部照明採集方式之照度探討－－以LED緊急照明燈為例

Local Lighting Illuminance Measurement Method with LED Emergency Lighting as an Example

建築物主動防火設施之消防安全設備，國內有法規規範，當一棟合法建築物申請取得使用執照前，場所內需裝設消防安全設備供火災預防使用。因此，當火災發生初期時，濃煙產生之虞，透過警報設備早期發現，供民眾緊急逃生或使用消防栓、滅火器等相關設備進行初期滅火。當中緊急逃生設備中含下列項目：避難方向指示、緊急照明設備、避難逃生設備，目的幫助民眾在火災中初期時提供場所照明及標示方向，利於逃生方便；當火災擴大時，會選擇就地避難或使用逃生設備幫助存活機率。緊急照明設備規範依「各類場所消防安全設備設置標準」規定設置，然而，法規未提及相關照度採集方式，只談論需要多少照度之標準，沒有明確的資料收集方式。因此，本研究將裝設LED緊急照明燈於走廊上，並且利用局部照明採集方式，分析收集相關照度值，供從業人員於設計上或裝置高度之參考性。本實驗在固定面積下，在利用不同高度及時間下收集照度值，研究初步發現不同採集方式會影響檢驗結果，當場所裝設一顆緊急照明燈，利用四點和五點採集方式，不同高度下五點採集方式都合乎法規要求；四點採集方式都未到規範，實驗採燈具累加方式檢測，四點採集方式需裝設3顆以上，才能達到法規規範。

Fire safety equipment is used for active fire protection in buildings. Domestic regulations stipulate that before a legal building applies for a license for use, fire safety equipment must be installed in the premises so that if a fire starts, which entails the danger of heavy smoke, early detection can occur through alarm devices, and emergency escape or the use of fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, or other related equipment for initial firefighting is possible. Emergency escape equipment includes evacuation direction indicators, emergency lighting equipment, and evacuation and escape equipment. The purpose of this equipment is to aid individuals’early escape by providing lighting to indicate the safest escape routes during the early stages of a fire. If a fire expands, individuals should shelter in place or use escape equipment to in crease their chance of survival. Emergency lighting equipment specifications are established in accordance with the Standard for Installation of Fire Safety Equipment Based on Use and Occupancy. However, these regulations do not mention relevant illuminanc e measurement methods; they mention only the standard for the degree of illuminance required. In addition, no clear data collection method is indicated. Therefore, this study installed LED emergency lighting in a corridor and used local lighting collection methods to analyze and measure the relevant illuminance values for reference regarding lighting design and installation height. In this experiment, the illuminance values were collected at multiple heights and times in a fixed area. The study initiall y found that the collection method affected the test results. An emergency lighting lamp was installed in the fixed area, and four and five point collection methods were used at multiple heights. The five point collection methods measured illuminance that met the requirements of the regulations, whereas the four point collection methods did not. The experimental measurement lamps were used for cumulative detection. It was found that for the four point collection methods, more than three lamps must be installed to adhere to the regulations.