地方創生在部落：以都蘭部落為例

Regional Revitalization in Taiwan: A Case Study of Atolan Tribes

日本政府為了解決少子化、高齡化以及人口高度集中都會區的問題，2014 年起推動「地方創生」政策，希望藉由活化地方產業達到均衡各地區之發展、疏散人口與解決行政經濟及文化等機能過度集中的問題。無獨有偶，我國也面臨與日本相同的問題。2019 年我國參考日本的地方創生制度，以「均衡臺灣」為目標，提出「地方創生國家戰略計畫」，並以企業投資故鄉、科技導入、社會參與創生、整合部會資源與品牌建立等五項發展重點推動地方創生政策。行政院特別擇選都蘭部落作為原住民地方創生典範，厚植部落自治的基礎。本研究發現，我國地方創生在推動中不僅中央機關內部有法規競合，地方政府也因錯誤認知使得相關提案屢遭修正。此外，部落推動創生事業時因專業人才不足、受制於地方政治生態，讓地方創生在部落進行時格外艱難。依據研究發現，全盤檢視法規之適用性、強化公共參與機制、對地方政府建立獎勵制度，加速地方創生優先推動地區提報進度；放寬企業提增地方稅負優惠，提高企業參與意願；培育地方政府與社區推動地方創生所需人力；規劃長期穩定的地方創生計畫財源，由下而上方能讓我國地方創生永續發展。

It is a difficult situation about lower birth rate and aging society in Japan. The Japanese government promotes policy of regional revitalization in order to balance the local development and decentralize the resources. Taiwan’s situation is the same as Japan. The government formulates the National Strategy Scheme of Regional Revitalization in 2019. The policy content includes enterprise investment, techonology oriented, public participant, resources integration and brand establishment. The Excutive Yuan selected Atolan tribe to be a model of regional revitalization and tribal governance. The findings as below: there is rule competition inside the central agencies. The local government has been forced to endless revised the proposal due to inaccurate cognition. There is lack of professionals in tribe, and it is interfered by township office constantly. The suggestions as follows: the central government should integrate regulations, strengthen the public participant mechanism, conduct incentive system, relax the tax rate, cultivate the manpower in township and tribe, offer the stable budget. It would be sustainable to regional revitalization.