道德判斷發展與家庭影響因素之關係

教育活動具有整體性，原本不能強加分立，但為求敘述或實施方便，遂有三育、四育或五育之分。然無論如何分法，道德教育始終為教育活動的核心。道德教育的實施，固須依循道德發展的原理原則，尤須配合良好的道德教育環境，方能收事半而功倍之效。本研究採調查研究法。其進行步驟，先是閱覽有關文獻，其次擬定研究計畫，編選測量工具，然後進行晤談與問卷調查，俟資料搜集後，加以統計與分析，綜成結論，最後撰寫研究報告。本文計分四部分：第一部分說明研究性質與背景，除敘述研究動機與目的及研究方法與步驟外，並探討有關文獻，以為研究之基礎；第二部分為研究設計與實施，說明研究工具之編選，樣本之選取，晤談與問卷調查工作之實施以及資料統計方法；第三部分為研究結果的分析與討論；第四部分歸納本研究之發現，提出結論與建議。

This study is aimed at examining the development of moral judgment and its relationship with the selected family influential factors， such as childrearing practices， socio─economic status， family size and birth order.For assessing the moral judgment scores， the Social Problems Opinion Questionnaire and the Moral Judgment Interview are administered. The former is administered to 655 subjects of the 7th， 8th， 10th and 11th graders from four high schools in Taipei；while the latter is administered to 69 subjects of the 8th and 11th graders from the same sample. All subjects are also administered to the Personal Characterics Data and the Childrearing Practices Questionnaire.The main findings， inter alia， of this study are as follows：\r1. The moral judgment of the subjects is exactly related with age， that is ， the development of moral judgment is growing in an invariant sequence i.e. stage. Although different cultural backgrounds or nurtured factors might more or less change the tempos of moral development， the developmental sequence is just the same.2. Higher moral judgment scores of the subjects are related with the parents who often use the “induction” and seldom use the “power─assertion” or the “love─withdrawal” as a manner of childrearing， but the scores have n direct relationship with the parental “affectionate involvement”. However， if the ‘affectionate involvement” is associated with the “induction”， it may influence the child’s moral development.3. The moral judgment of the subjects have no significant relationship with other factors， such as socio─economic status， family size and birth order. Based on these aforesaid findings， six recommendations are therefore suggested for the improvement of moral education and for the further study of moral development.