諮商與臨床心理學的倫理問題

Ethical issues of counseling and clinical psychology

本文嘗試從倫理學角度來檢視諮商與臨床心理師可能遭遇的問題、以及發生改變的緣由。要達到助人的目標，諮商心理師與臨床心理師可能會遭遇哪些問題、面對何種挑戰？除了奠立在理論知識的基礎之上、必須嘗試將理論轉化為可行的實務之外，諮商與臨床心理學還可能面臨甚麼問題？本文在此要討論的，並非是具體的道德規範，而是嘗試探討更深層的倫理問題；換言之，並非僅是明顯違反道德常識或是法律規定的問題，而是涉及人的圖像（image of man）、世界觀與價值觀的問題。因為這些議題同時是包括個案與諮商師在內都必須面對與思考的問題；同時對於這些問題的答案或想法也將會實質地影響諮商輔導的效果。

This essay tries to examine the possible problem which counseling and clinical psychology could encounter and the rationale of change by the ethical perspective. To realize the purpose of helping other, what kind of difficulties and challenges would counseling and clinical psychologist meet? Aside from basing on theoretical knowledge and turning it into feasible practice, is there any other problem to be faced? What this paper wants to discuss here is not concrete moral regulations, but rather some much deeper ethical issues; in other words, it is not some matters which violate moral common sense or legal codex, but something concerning image of man, world view and value system. Because these topics are issues which both the client and counseling psychologist must confront; the ideas or answers to such questions would have real impacts on the effects of counseling talk.