中國特色行政法典的編纂研究－－以公共行政整體型特徵為視角

Research on the Codification of Administrative Code with Chinese Characteristics: From the Perspective of the Holistic Characteristics of Public Administration

如何建構和編纂具有中國特色的行政法典？如何貢獻行政法典的中國方案？這些都是行政法典編纂必須直面的問題。相比其他部門法典，行政法典最具國別特色，因為各國對公共行政有著不同的實踐解讀。與西方以個人主義為中心、強調外部行政活動的個體化行政相比，我國公共行政遵循的是整體主義的進路，具有明顯的整體型行政特征，著眼于整體行政目標，倚重系統的組織和運行。改革開放後，我國既堅守了國家治理及公共行政的整體性特質，又強調個體的自由和權利，形塑出更具包容性的整體型行政模式。為有效回應公共行政的法治訴求，我國行政法典編纂應以整體型行政為重心，同時重視個人權利保護，以行政系統的組織和運行為框架，建構一套符合系統規律的客觀行政法體系，實現整體利益和個人權利並重的雙重價值目標。

How to construct and codify the administrative code with 'Chinese characteristics'? How to provide a 'Chinese solution' for the Administrative Code? These are the issues that must be faced directly by the codification of administrative code. Compared with other sectors of law, the administrative code has the most prominent nation-specific characteristics, as different countries have different interpretations on the way public administration is implemented. Compared with the ' individualized administration' in western countries, which focuses on individualism and emphasizes external administrative activities, China’ s public administration follows a holistic approach and has distinct 'holistic administration' characteristics. It focuses on the overall administrative goal and relies on the organization and operation of the system. After the reform and opening up, China has not only maintained the holistic nature of national governance and public administration, but also emphasized the freedom and rights of individuals, shaping a more inclusive 'holistic administration' model. In order to effectively respond to the demands of the rule of law in public administration, the codification of China’ s administrative code should focus on 'holistic administration', while attaching importance to the protection of individual rights, and construct an objective administrative law system that conforms to the systematic laws within the framework of the organization and operation of the administrative system, so as to realize the dual value goal of attaching equal importance to the collective interests and individual rights.