醫療人員對門診病人就醫隱私感受之研究：重視度與達成度之落差

Perceptions of the Privacy of Outpatients Among Healthcare Workers: Gap Between Expectations and Perceptions

目的：門診病人就醫過程中，不同部門的醫療人員會接觸到病人身體與私密的資訊，就醫隱私的議題更加需要重視。本研究從醫療人員的觀點探討門診病人隱私議題重視度與達成度間之落差。
方法：本研究採取橫斷式研究，以中部某區域教學醫院門診醫療人員為研究對象。問卷內隱私議題分為生理、心理、社會與資訊等四個構面，分別詢問醫療人員對門診病人隱私議題之重視度與達成度，並據以計算其缺口，測量尺度為李克特5點尺度。回收資料以描述性統計、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、重複量數變異數分析以及複迴歸分析。本研究有效回收問卷為144份，有效回收率96％。
結果：根據結果顯示，生理隱私是受訪者最重視，但也是缺口最大的構面；在各問項中，重視度較高者多為生理隱私構面，達成度較高的多為資訊隱私構面，缺口較大的多為生理隱私構面。護理師在各隱私構面的重視度與達成度均顯著較高，缺口則顯著較小。
結論：根據研究結果可以發現，醫療人員對於門診病人各項隱私議題均相當重視，且認為在隱私保護達成度也高，但對生理隱私感受的落差較大。因此，醫院應不斷強化醫療人員隱私議題的教育，讓醫療人員在面對數量龐大的門診業務仍能時刻保護病人的隱私。

Purposes: During outpatient visits, healthcare workers from different departments have access to the body and private information of patients; therefore, the issue of medical privacy needs to be given more attention. In this study, the gap between the expectations and perceptions of outpatient privacy from the perspective of healthcare workers was explored.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of outpatient healthcare workers at a regional teaching hospital in central Taiwan. Privacy issues in the questionnaire were divided into four aspects: physical, psychological, social, and informational. Healthcare workers were asked to indicate their expectations and perceptions of privacy issues according to a 5-point Likert scale, and the gaps were calculated as the difference between the perception score and expectation score. Descriptive statistics, the t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), repeated measures ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis were applied to the data. In total, 144 valid questionnaires were collected, and the valid response rate was 96%.
Results: According to the results, physical privacy was the most important aspect, but it was also the one with the largest gap. Among the various items, those with higher degrees of expectation were mostly in the physical privacy aspect, those with higher degrees of perception were mostly in the information privacy aspect, and those with the largest gaps were mostly in the physical privacy aspect. The nursing staff had significantly higher expectations and perceptions as well as significantly smaller gaps in all privacy aspects.
Conclusions: The results of the study suggest that healthcare workers place great emphasis on various privacy issues of outpatients and believe that they have achieved a high degree of privacy protection. However, there is a large gap regarding physical privacy. Therefore, hospitals should continue to enhance the education of healthcare workers with regard to privacy issues so that they can always protect the privacy of patients when faced with a large volume of outpatient services.