氣候變遷下社區調適機制初探：台灣及越南比較研究

Exploring Community Adaptation Mechanism to Climate Change: A comparison between Taiwan and Vietnam

全球氣候變遷下的區域性強降雨現象，極可能在易淹水的都市地區引起暴洪，危及居民的生命和安全。面對該挑戰，本研究探索以社區為本的氣候變遷調適機制。在研究設計上，我們應用了Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response（DPSIR）因果模型框架，以掌握關於社會脆弱度的關鍵訊息；並使用Google Trends工具，透過分析檢索詞彙的流行度，亦即所回饋的關鍵詞，探索台灣和越南所呈現的風險感知，以及因應氣候衝擊和不確定性的調適行動。值得一提的是，政府的防洪措施，如堤壩，防水閘門及抽水站，實用性有限。在地知識則有助於克服人們對洪水的恐懼；與水共生會是可行的調適模式。本研究結論指出，以社區為本的調適機制有助於提高居民對洪水治理的知識和技能；亦即應強調社會網絡的建設以及結構和非結構性措施的整合，以全面因應氣候變遷下的洪水衝擊。

The regional phenomenon of heavy rainfalls under global climate change is extremely likely to induce flash floods in flood-prone urban areas and endangers the lives and safety of residents. Faced with the challenge, this study provides insights into community based adaptation mechanism to climate change. On research design, Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) causal model is used as a framework to understand key messages on the societal vulnerability. This study used Google Trends as tool to analyze the popularity of search terms, i.e. keywords to explore feedback between Taiwan and Vietnam, their risk perception but also adaptation actions in responding to climatic impacts and uncertainty. It is argued that government flood control measures, such as dikes, gates and pumping stations, have limited utility. The local knowledge helps overcome the fear of the people to flood. Living with water seems to be one of the adaptation models. This study concludes that the community based adaptation mechanism helps enhance residents’ knowledge and skills for flood governance; that is, the construction of social networks and the integration of structural and nonstructural measures in responding comprehensively to the impact of floods under climate change.